openocd/src/flash/nor/str9x.c

// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

/***************************************************************************
 *   Copyright (C) 2005 by Dominic Rath                                    *
 *   Dominic.Rath@gmx.de                                                   *
 *                                                                         *
 *   Copyright (C) 2008 by Spencer Oliver                                  *
 *   spen@spen-soft.co.uk                                                  *
 *
 *   Copyright (C) 2008 by Oyvind Harboe                                   *
 *   oyvind.harboe@zylin.com                                               *
 ***************************************************************************/

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif

#include "imp.h"
#include <target/arm966e.h>
#include <target/algorithm.h>

/* Flash registers */

#define FLASH_BBSR		0x54000000		/* Boot Bank Size Register                */
#define FLASH_NBBSR		0x54000004		/* Non-Boot Bank Size Register            */
#define FLASH_BBADR		0x5400000C		/* Boot Bank Base Address Register        */
#define FLASH_NBBADR	0x54000010		/* Non-Boot Bank Base Address Register    */
#define FLASH_CR		0x54000018		/* Control Register                       */
#define FLASH_SR		0x5400001C		/* Status Register                        */
#define FLASH_BCE5ADDR	0x54000020		/* BC Fifth Entry Target Address Register */

struct str9x_flash_bank {
	uint32_t *sector_bits;
	int variant;
	int bank1;
};

enum str9x_status_codes {
	STR9X_CMD_SUCCESS = 0,
	STR9X_INVALID_COMMAND = 1,
	STR9X_SRC_ADDR_ERROR = 2,
	STR9X_DST_ADDR_ERROR = 3,
	STR9X_SRC_ADDR_NOT_MAPPED = 4,
	STR9X_DST_ADDR_NOT_MAPPED = 5,
	STR9X_COUNT_ERROR = 6,
	STR9X_INVALID_SECTOR = 7,
	STR9X_SECTOR_NOT_BLANK = 8,
	STR9X_SECTOR_NOT_PREPARED = 9,
	STR9X_COMPARE_ERROR = 10,
	STR9X_BUSY = 11
};

static uint32_t bank1start = 0x00080000;

static int str9x_build_block_list(struct flash_bank *bank)
{
	struct str9x_flash_bank *str9x_info = bank->driver_priv;

	int i;
	unsigned int num_sectors;
	int b0_sectors = 0, b1_sectors = 0;
	uint32_t offset = 0;

	/* set if we have large flash str9 */
	str9x_info->variant = 0;
	str9x_info->bank1 = 0;

	switch (bank->size) {
		case (256 * 1024):
			b0_sectors = 4;
			break;
		case (512 * 1024):
			b0_sectors = 8;
			break;
		case (1024 * 1024):
			bank1start = 0x00100000;
			str9x_info->variant = 1;
			b0_sectors = 16;
			break;
		case (2048 * 1024):
			bank1start = 0x00200000;
			str9x_info->variant = 1;
			b0_sectors = 32;
			break;
		case (128 * 1024):
			str9x_info->variant = 1;
			str9x_info->bank1 = 1;
			b1_sectors = 8;
			bank1start = bank->base;
			break;
		case (32 * 1024):
			str9x_info->bank1 = 1;
			b1_sectors = 4;
			bank1start = bank->base;
			break;
		default:
			LOG_ERROR("BUG: unknown bank->size encountered");
			exit(-1);
	}

	num_sectors = b0_sectors + b1_sectors;

	bank->num_sectors = num_sectors;
	bank->sectors = malloc(sizeof(struct flash_sector) * num_sectors);
	str9x_info->sector_bits = malloc(sizeof(uint32_t) * num_sectors);

	num_sectors = 0;

	for (i = 0; i < b0_sectors; i++) {
		bank->sectors[num_sectors].offset = offset;
		bank->sectors[num_sectors].size = 0x10000;
		offset += bank->sectors[i].size;
		bank->sectors[num_sectors].is_erased = -1;
		bank->sectors[num_sectors].is_protected = 1;
		str9x_info->sector_bits[num_sectors++] = (1 << i);
	}

	for (i = 0; i < b1_sectors; i++) {
		bank->sectors[num_sectors].offset = offset;
		bank->sectors[num_sectors].size = str9x_info->variant == 0 ? 0x2000 : 0x4000;
		offset += bank->sectors[i].size;
		bank->sectors[num_sectors].is_erased = -1;
		bank->sectors[num_sectors].is_protected = 1;
		if (str9x_info->variant)
			str9x_info->sector_bits[num_sectors++] = (1 << i);
		else
			str9x_info->sector_bits[num_sectors++] = (1 << (i + 8));
	}

	return ERROR_OK;
}

/* flash bank str9x <base> <size> 0 0 <target#>
 */
FLASH_BANK_COMMAND_HANDLER(str9x_flash_bank_command)
{
	struct str9x_flash_bank *str9x_info;

	if (CMD_ARGC < 6)
		return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;

	str9x_info = malloc(sizeof(struct str9x_flash_bank));
	bank->driver_priv = str9x_info;

	str9x_build_block_list(bank);

	return ERROR_OK;
}

static int str9x_protect_check(struct flash_bank *bank)
{
	int retval;
	struct str9x_flash_bank *str9x_info = bank->driver_priv;
	struct target *target = bank->target;

	uint32_t adr;
	uint32_t status = 0;
	uint16_t hstatus = 0;

	if (bank->target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
		LOG_ERROR("Target not halted");
		return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
	}

	/* read level one protection */

	if (str9x_info->variant) {
		if (str9x_info->bank1) {
			adr = bank1start + 0x18;
			retval = target_write_u16(target, adr, 0x90);
			if (retval != ERROR_OK)
				return retval;
			retval = target_read_u16(target, adr, &hstatus);
			if (retval != ERROR_OK)
				return retval;
			status = hstatus;
		} else {
			adr = bank1start + 0x14;
			retval = target_write_u16(target, adr, 0x90);
			if (retval != ERROR_OK)
				return retval;
			retval = target_read_u32(target, adr, &status);
			if (retval != ERROR_OK)
				return retval;
		}
	} else {
		adr = bank1start + 0x10;
		retval = target_write_u16(target, adr, 0x90);
		if (retval != ERROR_OK)
			return retval;
		retval = target_read_u16(target, adr, &hstatus);
		if (retval != ERROR_OK)
			return retval;
		status = hstatus;
	}

	/* read array command */
	retval = target_write_u16(target, adr, 0xFF);
	if (retval != ERROR_OK)
		return retval;

	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < bank->num_sectors; i++) {
		if (status & str9x_info->sector_bits[i])
			bank->sectors[i].is_protected = 1;
		else
			bank->sectors[i].is_protected = 0;
	}

	return ERROR_OK;
}

static int str9x_erase(struct flash_bank *bank, unsigned int first,
		unsigned int last)
{
	struct target *target = bank->target;
	uint32_t adr;
	uint8_t status;
	uint8_t erase_cmd;
	int total_timeout;

	if (bank->target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
		LOG_ERROR("Target not halted");
		return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
	}

	/* Check if we can erase whole bank */
	if ((first == 0) && (last == (bank->num_sectors - 1))) {
		/* Optimize to run erase bank command instead of sector */
		erase_cmd = 0x80;
		/* Add timeout duration since erase bank takes more time */
		total_timeout = 1000 * bank->num_sectors;
	} else {
		/* Erase sector command */
		erase_cmd = 0x20;
		total_timeout = 1000;
	}

	/* this is so the compiler can *know* */
	assert(total_timeout > 0);

	for (unsigned int i = first; i <= last; i++) {
		int retval;
		adr = bank->base + bank->sectors[i].offset;

		/* erase sectors or block */
		retval = target_write_u16(target, adr, erase_cmd);
		if (retval != ERROR_OK)
			return retval;
		retval = target_write_u16(target, adr, 0xD0);
		if (retval != ERROR_OK)
			return retval;

		/* get status */
		retval = target_write_u16(target, adr, 0x70);
		if (retval != ERROR_OK)
			return retval;

		int timeout;
		for (timeout = 0; timeout < total_timeout; timeout++) {
			retval = target_read_u8(target, adr, &status);
			if (retval != ERROR_OK)
				return retval;
			if (status & 0x80)
				break;
			alive_sleep(1);
		}
		if (timeout == total_timeout) {
			LOG_ERROR("erase timed out");
			return ERROR_FAIL;
		}

		/* clear status, also clear read array */
		retval = target_write_u16(target, adr, 0x50);
		if (retval != ERROR_OK)
			return retval;

		/* read array command */
		retval = target_write_u16(target, adr, 0xFF);
		if (retval != ERROR_OK)
			return retval;

		if (status & 0x22) {
			LOG_ERROR("error erasing flash bank, status: 0x%x", status);
			return ERROR_FLASH_OPERATION_FAILED;
		}

		/* If we ran erase bank command, we are finished */
		if (erase_cmd == 0x80)
			break;
	}

	return ERROR_OK;
}

static int str9x_protect(struct flash_bank *bank, int set, unsigned int first,
		unsigned int last)
{
	struct target *target = bank->target;
	uint32_t adr;
	uint8_t status;

	if (bank->target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
		LOG_ERROR("Target not halted");
		return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
	}

	for (unsigned int i = first; i <= last; i++) {
		/* Level One Protection */

		adr = bank->base + bank->sectors[i].offset;

		target_write_u16(target, adr, 0x60);
		if (set)
			target_write_u16(target, adr, 0x01);
		else
			target_write_u16(target, adr, 0xD0);

		/* query status */
		target_read_u8(target, adr, &status);

		/* clear status, also clear read array */
		target_write_u16(target, adr, 0x50);

		/* read array command */
		target_write_u16(target, adr, 0xFF);
	}

	return ERROR_OK;
}

static int str9x_write_block(struct flash_bank *bank,
		const uint8_t *buffer, uint32_t offset, uint32_t count)
{
	struct target *target = bank->target;
	uint32_t buffer_size = 32768;
	struct working_area *write_algorithm;
	struct working_area *source;
	uint32_t address = bank->base + offset;
	struct reg_param reg_params[4];
	struct arm_algorithm arm_algo;
	int retval = ERROR_OK;

	/* see contrib/loaders/flash/str9x.s for src */

	static const uint32_t str9x_flash_write_code[] = {
					/* write:				*/
		0xe3c14003,	/*	bic	r4, r1, #3		*/
		0xe3a03040,	/*	mov	r3, #0x40		*/
		0xe1c430b0,	/*	strh r3, [r4, #0]	*/
		0xe0d030b2,	/*	ldrh r3, [r0], #2	*/
		0xe0c130b2,	/*	strh r3, [r1], #2	*/
		0xe3a03070,	/*	mov r3, #0x70		*/
		0xe1c430b0,	/*	strh r3, [r4, #0]	*/
					/* busy:				*/
		0xe5d43000,	/*	ldrb r3, [r4, #0]	*/
		0xe3130080,	/*	tst r3, #0x80		*/
		0x0afffffc,	/*	beq busy			*/
		0xe3a05050,	/*	mov	r5, #0x50		*/
		0xe1c450b0,	/*	strh r5, [r4, #0]	*/
		0xe3a050ff,	/*	mov	r5, #0xFF		*/
		0xe1c450b0,	/*	strh r5, [r4, #0]	*/
		0xe3130012,	/*	tst	r3, #0x12		*/
		0x1a000001,	/*	bne exit			*/
		0xe2522001,	/*	subs r2, r2, #1		*/
		0x1affffed,	/*	bne write			*/
					/* exit:				*/
		0xe1200070,	/*	bkpt #0				*/
	};

	/* flash write code */
	if (target_alloc_working_area(target, sizeof(str9x_flash_write_code),
			&write_algorithm) != ERROR_OK) {
		LOG_WARNING("no working area available, can't do block memory writes");
		return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
	}

	uint8_t code[sizeof(str9x_flash_write_code)];
	target_buffer_set_u32_array(target, code, ARRAY_SIZE(str9x_flash_write_code),
			str9x_flash_write_code);
	target_write_buffer(target, write_algorithm->address, sizeof(code), code);

	/* memory buffer */
	while (target_alloc_working_area_try(target, buffer_size, &source) != ERROR_OK) {
		buffer_size /= 2;
		if (buffer_size <= 256) {
			/* we already allocated the writing code, but failed to get a
			 * buffer, free the algorithm */
			target_free_working_area(target, write_algorithm);

			LOG_WARNING("no large enough working area available, can't do block memory writes");
			return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
		}
	}

	arm_algo.common_magic = ARM_COMMON_MAGIC;
	arm_algo.core_mode = ARM_MODE_SVC;
	arm_algo.core_state = ARM_STATE_ARM;

	init_reg_param(&reg_params[0], "r0", 32, PARAM_OUT);
	init_reg_param(&reg_params[1], "r1", 32, PARAM_OUT);
	init_reg_param(&reg_params[2], "r2", 32, PARAM_OUT);
	init_reg_param(&reg_params[3], "r3", 32, PARAM_IN);

	while (count > 0) {
		uint32_t thisrun_count = (count > (buffer_size / 2)) ? (buffer_size / 2) : count;

		target_write_buffer(target, source->address, thisrun_count * 2, buffer);

		buf_set_u32(reg_params[0].value, 0, 32, source->address);
		buf_set_u32(reg_params[1].value, 0, 32, address);
		buf_set_u32(reg_params[2].value, 0, 32, thisrun_count);

		retval = target_run_algorithm(target, 0, NULL, 4, reg_params,
				write_algorithm->address,
				0, 10000, &arm_algo);
		if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
			LOG_ERROR("error executing str9x flash write algorithm");
			retval = ERROR_FLASH_OPERATION_FAILED;
			break;
		}

		if (buf_get_u32(reg_params[3].value, 0, 32) != 0x80) {
			retval = ERROR_FLASH_OPERATION_FAILED;
			break;
		}

		buffer += thisrun_count * 2;
		address += thisrun_count * 2;
		count -= thisrun_count;
	}

	target_free_working_area(target, source);
	target_free_working_area(target, write_algorithm);

	destroy_reg_param(&reg_params[0]);
	destroy_reg_param(&reg_params[1]);
	destroy_reg_param(&reg_params[2]);
	destroy_reg_param(&reg_params[3]);

	return retval;
}

static int str9x_write(struct flash_bank *bank,
		const uint8_t *buffer, uint32_t offset, uint32_t count)
{
	struct target *target = bank->target;
	uint32_t words_remaining = (count / 2);
	uint32_t bytes_remaining = (count & 0x00000001);
	uint32_t address = bank->base + offset;
	uint32_t bytes_written = 0;
	uint8_t status;
	int retval;
	uint32_t check_address = offset;
	uint32_t bank_adr;

	if (bank->target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
		LOG_ERROR("Target not halted");
		return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
	}

	if (offset & 0x1) {
		LOG_WARNING("offset 0x%" PRIx32 " breaks required 2-byte alignment", offset);
		return ERROR_FLASH_DST_BREAKS_ALIGNMENT;
	}

	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < bank->num_sectors; i++) {
		uint32_t sec_start = bank->sectors[i].offset;
		uint32_t sec_end = sec_start + bank->sectors[i].size;

		/* check if destination falls within the current sector */
		if ((check_address >= sec_start) && (check_address < sec_end)) {
			/* check if destination ends in the current sector */
			if (offset + count < sec_end)
				check_address = offset + count;
			else
				check_address = sec_end;
		}
	}

	if (check_address != offset + count)
		return ERROR_FLASH_DST_OUT_OF_BANK;

	/* multiple half words (2-byte) to be programmed? */
	if (words_remaining > 0) {
		/* try using a block write */
		retval = str9x_write_block(bank, buffer, offset, words_remaining);
		if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
			if (retval == ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE) {
				/* if block write failed (no sufficient working area),
				 * we use normal (slow) single dword accesses */
				LOG_WARNING("couldn't use block writes, falling back to single memory accesses");
			} else if (retval == ERROR_FLASH_OPERATION_FAILED) {
				LOG_ERROR("flash writing failed");
				return ERROR_FLASH_OPERATION_FAILED;
			}
		} else {
			buffer += words_remaining * 2;
			address += words_remaining * 2;
			words_remaining = 0;
		}
	}

	while (words_remaining > 0) {
		bank_adr = address & ~0x03;

		/* write data command */
		target_write_u16(target, bank_adr, 0x40);
		target_write_memory(target, address, 2, 1, buffer + bytes_written);

		/* get status command */
		target_write_u16(target, bank_adr, 0x70);

		int timeout;
		for (timeout = 0; timeout < 1000; timeout++) {
			target_read_u8(target, bank_adr, &status);
			if (status & 0x80)
				break;
			alive_sleep(1);
		}
		if (timeout == 1000) {
			LOG_ERROR("write timed out");
			return ERROR_FAIL;
		}

		/* clear status reg and read array */
		target_write_u16(target, bank_adr, 0x50);
		target_write_u16(target, bank_adr, 0xFF);

		if (status & 0x10)
			return ERROR_FLASH_OPERATION_FAILED;
		else if (status & 0x02)
			return ERROR_FLASH_OPERATION_FAILED;

		bytes_written += 2;
		words_remaining--;
		address += 2;
	}

	if (bytes_remaining) {
		uint8_t last_halfword[2] = {0xff, 0xff};

		/* copy the last remaining bytes into the write buffer */
		memcpy(last_halfword, buffer+bytes_written, bytes_remaining);

		bank_adr = address & ~0x03;

		/* write data command */
		target_write_u16(target, bank_adr, 0x40);
		target_write_memory(target, address, 2, 1, last_halfword);

		/* query status command */
		target_write_u16(target, bank_adr, 0x70);

		int timeout;
		for (timeout = 0; timeout < 1000; timeout++) {
			target_read_u8(target, bank_adr, &status);
			if (status & 0x80)
				break;
			alive_sleep(1);
		}
		if (timeout == 1000) {
			LOG_ERROR("write timed out");
			return ERROR_FAIL;
		}

		/* clear status reg and read array */
		target_write_u16(target, bank_adr, 0x50);
		target_write_u16(target, bank_adr, 0xFF);

		if (status & 0x10)
			return ERROR_FLASH_OPERATION_FAILED;
		else if (status & 0x02)
			return ERROR_FLASH_OPERATION_FAILED;
	}

	return ERROR_OK;
}

static int str9x_probe(struct flash_bank *bank)
{
	return ERROR_OK;
}

#if 0
COMMAND_HANDLER(str9x_handle_part_id_command)
{
	return ERROR_OK;
}
#endif

COMMAND_HANDLER(str9x_handle_flash_config_command)
{
	struct target *target = NULL;

	if (CMD_ARGC < 5)
		return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;

	struct flash_bank *bank;
	int retval = CALL_COMMAND_HANDLER(flash_command_get_bank, 0, &bank);
	if (retval != ERROR_OK)
		return retval;

	uint32_t bbsr, nbbsr, bbadr, nbbadr;
	COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(u32, CMD_ARGV[1], bbsr);
	COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(u32, CMD_ARGV[2], nbbsr);
	COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(u32, CMD_ARGV[3], bbadr);
	COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(u32, CMD_ARGV[4], nbbadr);

	target = bank->target;

	if (bank->target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
		LOG_ERROR("Target not halted");
		return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
	}

	/* config flash controller */
	target_write_u32(target, FLASH_BBSR, bbsr);
	target_write_u32(target, FLASH_NBBSR, nbbsr);
	target_write_u32(target, FLASH_BBADR, bbadr >> 2);
	target_write_u32(target, FLASH_NBBADR, nbbadr >> 2);

	/* set bit 18 instruction TCM order as per flash programming manual */
	arm966e_write_cp15(target, 62, 0x40000);

	/* enable flash bank 1 */
	target_write_u32(target, FLASH_CR, 0x18);
	return ERROR_OK;
}

static const struct command_registration str9x_config_command_handlers[] = {
	{
		.name = "flash_config",
		.handler = str9x_handle_flash_config_command,
		.mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
		.help = "Configure str9x flash controller, prior to "
			"programming the flash.",
		.usage = "bank_id BBSR NBBSR BBADR NBBADR",
	},
	COMMAND_REGISTRATION_DONE
};

static const struct command_registration str9x_command_handlers[] = {
	{
		.name = "str9x",
		.mode = COMMAND_ANY,
		.help = "str9x flash command group",
		.usage = "",
		.chain = str9x_config_command_handlers,
	},
	COMMAND_REGISTRATION_DONE
};

const struct flash_driver str9x_flash = {
	.name = "str9x",
	.commands = str9x_command_handlers,
	.flash_bank_command = str9x_flash_bank_command,
	.erase = str9x_erase,
	.protect = str9x_protect,
	.write = str9x_write,
	.read = default_flash_read,
	.probe = str9x_probe,
	.auto_probe = str9x_probe,
	.erase_check = default_flash_blank_check,
	.protect_check = str9x_protect_check,
	.free_driver_priv = default_flash_free_driver_priv,
};