Add a GATT adapter that uses from_bytes and __bytes__ as conversion methods.

Replace HCI member imports in device.py

.github/workflows/code-check.yml

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        python-version: ["3.8", "3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12"]
+        python-version: ["3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13"]
       fail-fast: false
 
     steps:

.github/workflows/python-build-test.yml

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       matrix:
         os: ['ubuntu-latest', 'macos-latest', 'windows-latest']
-        python-version: ["3.8", "3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12"]
+        python-version: ["3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13"]
       fail-fast: false
 
     steps:
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        python-version: [ "3.8", "3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12" ]
+        python-version: ["3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13"]
         rust-version: [ "1.76.0", "stable" ]
       fail-fast: false
     steps:

apps/bench.py

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import asyncio
 import enum
 import logging
 import os
+import statistics
 import struct
 import time
 
@@ -194,17 +195,19 @@ def make_sdp_records(channel):
     }
 
 
-def log_stats(title, stats):
+def log_stats(title, stats, precision=2):
     stats_min = min(stats)
     stats_max = max(stats)
-    stats_avg = sum(stats) / len(stats)
+    stats_avg = statistics.mean(stats)
+    stats_stdev = statistics.stdev(stats)
     logging.info(
         color(
             (
                 f'### {title} stats: '
-                f'min={stats_min:.2f}, '
-                f'max={stats_max:.2f}, '
-                f'average={stats_avg:.2f}'
+                f'min={stats_min:.{precision}f}, '
+                f'max={stats_max:.{precision}f}, '
+                f'average={stats_avg:.{precision}f}, '
+                f'stdev={stats_stdev:.{precision}f}'
             ),
             'cyan',
         )
@@ -448,9 +451,9 @@ class Ping:
         self.repeat_delay = repeat_delay
         self.pace = pace
         self.done = asyncio.Event()
-        self.current_packet_index = 0
-        self.ping_sent_time = 0.0
-        self.latencies = []
+        self.ping_times = []
+        self.rtts = []
+        self.next_expected_packet_index = 0
         self.min_stats = []
         self.max_stats = []
         self.avg_stats = []
@@ -477,60 +480,57 @@ class Ping:
             logging.info(color('=== Sending RESET', 'magenta'))
             await self.packet_io.send_packet(bytes([PacketType.RESET]))
 
-            self.current_packet_index = 0
-            self.latencies = []
-            await self.send_next_ping()
+            packet_interval = self.pace / 1000
+            start_time = time.time()
+            self.next_expected_packet_index = 0
+            for i in range(self.tx_packet_count):
+                target_time = start_time + (i * packet_interval)
+                now = time.time()
+                if now < target_time:
+                    await asyncio.sleep(target_time - now)
+
+                packet = struct.pack(
+                    '>bbI',
+                    PacketType.SEQUENCE,
+                    (PACKET_FLAG_LAST if i == self.tx_packet_count - 1 else 0),
+                    i,
+                ) + bytes(self.tx_packet_size - 6)
+                logging.info(color(f'Sending packet {i}', 'yellow'))
+                self.ping_times.append(time.time())
+                await self.packet_io.send_packet(packet)
 
             await self.done.wait()
 
-            min_latency = min(self.latencies)
-            max_latency = max(self.latencies)
-            avg_latency = sum(self.latencies) / len(self.latencies)
+            min_rtt = min(self.rtts)
+            max_rtt = max(self.rtts)
+            avg_rtt = statistics.mean(self.rtts)
+            stdev_rtt = statistics.stdev(self.rtts)
             logging.info(
                 color(
-                    '@@@ Latencies: '
-                    f'min={min_latency:.2f}, '
-                    f'max={max_latency:.2f}, '
-                    f'average={avg_latency:.2f}'
+                    '@@@ RTTs: '
+                    f'min={min_rtt:.2f}, '
+                    f'max={max_rtt:.2f}, '
+                    f'average={avg_rtt:.2f}, '
+                    f'stdev={stdev_rtt:.2f}'
                 )
             )
 
-            self.min_stats.append(min_latency)
-            self.max_stats.append(max_latency)
-            self.avg_stats.append(avg_latency)
+            self.min_stats.append(min_rtt)
+            self.max_stats.append(max_rtt)
+            self.avg_stats.append(avg_rtt)
 
             run_counter = f'[{run + 1} of {self.repeat + 1}]' if self.repeat else ''
             logging.info(color(f'=== {run_counter} Done!', 'magenta'))
 
             if self.repeat:
-                log_stats('Min Latency', self.min_stats)
-                log_stats('Max Latency', self.max_stats)
-                log_stats('Average Latency', self.avg_stats)
+                log_stats('Min RTT', self.min_stats)
+                log_stats('Max RTT', self.max_stats)
+                log_stats('Average RTT', self.avg_stats)
 
         if self.repeat:
             logging.info(color('--- End of runs', 'blue'))
 
-    async def send_next_ping(self):
-        if self.pace:
-            await asyncio.sleep(self.pace / 1000)
-
-        packet = struct.pack(
-            '>bbI',
-            PacketType.SEQUENCE,
-            (
-                PACKET_FLAG_LAST
-                if self.current_packet_index == self.tx_packet_count - 1
-                else 0
-            ),
-            self.current_packet_index,
-        ) + bytes(self.tx_packet_size - 6)
-        logging.info(color(f'Sending packet {self.current_packet_index}', 'yellow'))
-        self.ping_sent_time = time.time()
-        await self.packet_io.send_packet(packet)
-
     def on_packet_received(self, packet):
-        elapsed = time.time() - self.ping_sent_time
-
         try:
             packet_type, packet_data = parse_packet(packet)
         except ValueError:
@@ -542,21 +542,23 @@ class Ping:
             return
 
         if packet_type == PacketType.ACK:
-            latency = elapsed * 1000
-            self.latencies.append(latency)
+            elapsed = time.time() - self.ping_times[packet_index]
+            rtt = elapsed * 1000
+            self.rtts.append(rtt)
             logging.info(
                 color(
-                    f'<<< Received ACK [{packet_index}], latency={latency:.2f}ms',
+                    f'<<< Received ACK [{packet_index}], RTT={rtt:.2f}ms',
                     'green',
                 )
             )
 
-            if packet_index == self.current_packet_index:
-                self.current_packet_index += 1
+            if packet_index == self.next_expected_packet_index:
+                self.next_expected_packet_index += 1
             else:
                 logging.info(
                     color(
-                        f'!!! Unexpected packet, expected {self.current_packet_index} '
+                        f'!!! Unexpected packet, '
+                        f'expected {self.next_expected_packet_index} '
                         f'but received {packet_index}'
                     )
                 )
@@ -565,8 +567,6 @@ class Ping:
             self.done.set()
             return
 
-        AsyncRunner.spawn(self.send_next_ping())
-
 
 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Pong
@@ -583,8 +583,11 @@ class Pong:
 
     def reset(self):
         self.expected_packet_index = 0
+        self.receive_times = []
 
     def on_packet_received(self, packet):
+        self.receive_times.append(time.time())
+
         try:
             packet_type, packet_data = parse_packet(packet)
         except ValueError:
@@ -599,10 +602,16 @@ class Pong:
             packet_flags, packet_index = parse_packet_sequence(packet_data)
         except ValueError:
             return
+        interval = (
+            self.receive_times[-1] - self.receive_times[-2]
+            if len(self.receive_times) >= 2
+            else 0
+        )
         logging.info(
             color(
                 f'<<< Received packet {packet_index}: '
-                f'flags=0x{packet_flags:02X}, {len(packet)} bytes',
+                f'flags=0x{packet_flags:02X}, {len(packet)} bytes, '
+                f'interval={interval:.4f}',
                 'green',
             )
         )
@@ -623,8 +632,35 @@ class Pong:
             )
         )
 
-        if packet_flags & PACKET_FLAG_LAST and not self.linger:
-            self.done.set()
+        if packet_flags & PACKET_FLAG_LAST:
+            if len(self.receive_times) >= 3:
+                # Show basic stats
+                intervals = [
+                    self.receive_times[i + 1] - self.receive_times[i]
+                    for i in range(len(self.receive_times) - 1)
+                ]
+                log_stats('Packet intervals', intervals, 3)
+
+                # Show a histogram
+                bin_count = 20
+                bins = [0] * bin_count
+                interval_min = min(intervals)
+                interval_max = max(intervals)
+                interval_range = interval_max - interval_min
+                bin_thresholds = [
+                    interval_min + i * (interval_range / bin_count)
+                    for i in range(bin_count)
+                ]
+                for interval in intervals:
+                    for i in reversed(range(bin_count)):
+                        if interval >= bin_thresholds[i]:
+                            bins[i] += 1
+                            break
+                for i in range(bin_count):
+                    logging.info(f'@@@ >= {bin_thresholds[i]:.4f}: {bins[i]}')
+
+            if not self.linger:
+                self.done.set()
 
     async def run(self):
         await self.done.wait()
@@ -942,9 +978,12 @@ class RfcommClient(StreamedPacketIO):
             channel = await bumble.rfcomm.find_rfcomm_channel_with_uuid(
                 connection, self.uuid
             )
-            logging.info(color(f'@@@ Channel number = {channel}', 'cyan'))
-            if channel == 0:
-                logging.info(color('!!! No RFComm service with this UUID found', 'red'))
+            if channel:
+                logging.info(color(f'@@@ Channel number = {channel}', 'cyan'))
+            else:
+                logging.warning(
+                    color('!!! No RFComm service with this UUID found', 'red')
+                )
                 await connection.disconnect()
                 return
 
@@ -1054,6 +1093,8 @@ class RfcommServer(StreamedPacketIO):
         if self.credits_threshold is not None:
             dlc.rx_credits_threshold = self.credits_threshold
 
+        self.ready.set()
+
     async def drain(self):
         assert self.dlc
         await self.dlc.drain()
@@ -1068,7 +1109,7 @@ class Central(Connection.Listener):
         transport,
         peripheral_address,
         classic,
-        role_factory,
+        scenario_factory,
         mode_factory,
         connection_interval,
         phy,
@@ -1081,7 +1122,7 @@ class Central(Connection.Listener):
         self.transport = transport
         self.peripheral_address = peripheral_address
         self.classic = classic
-        self.role_factory = role_factory
+        self.scenario_factory = scenario_factory
         self.mode_factory = mode_factory
         self.authenticate = authenticate
         self.encrypt = encrypt or authenticate
@@ -1134,7 +1175,7 @@ class Central(Connection.Listener):
                 DEFAULT_CENTRAL_NAME, central_address, hci_source, hci_sink
             )
             mode = self.mode_factory(self.device)
-            role = self.role_factory(mode)
+            scenario = self.scenario_factory(mode)
             self.device.classic_enabled = self.classic
 
             # Set up a pairing config factory with minimal requirements.
@@ -1215,7 +1256,7 @@ class Central(Connection.Listener):
 
             await mode.on_connection(self.connection)
 
-            await role.run()
+            await scenario.run()
             await asyncio.sleep(DEFAULT_LINGER_TIME)
             await self.connection.disconnect()
 
@@ -1246,7 +1287,7 @@ class Peripheral(Device.Listener, Connection.Listener):
     def __init__(
         self,
         transport,
-        role_factory,
+        scenario_factory,
         mode_factory,
         classic,
         extended_data_length,
@@ -1254,11 +1295,11 @@ class Peripheral(Device.Listener, Connection.Listener):
     ):
         self.transport = transport
         self.classic = classic
-        self.role_factory = role_factory
+        self.scenario_factory = scenario_factory
         self.mode_factory = mode_factory
         self.extended_data_length = extended_data_length
         self.role_switch = role_switch
-        self.role = None
+        self.scenario = None
         self.mode = None
         self.device = None
         self.connection = None
@@ -1278,7 +1319,7 @@ class Peripheral(Device.Listener, Connection.Listener):
             )
             self.device.listener = self
             self.mode = self.mode_factory(self.device)
-            self.role = self.role_factory(self.mode)
+            self.scenario = self.scenario_factory(self.mode)
             self.device.classic_enabled = self.classic
 
             # Set up a pairing config factory with minimal requirements.
@@ -1315,7 +1356,7 @@ class Peripheral(Device.Listener, Connection.Listener):
             print_connection(self.connection)
 
             await self.mode.on_connection(self.connection)
-            await self.role.run()
+            await self.scenario.run()
             await asyncio.sleep(DEFAULT_LINGER_TIME)
 
     def on_connection(self, connection):
@@ -1344,7 +1385,7 @@ class Peripheral(Device.Listener, Connection.Listener):
     def on_disconnection(self, reason):
         logging.info(color(f'!!! Disconnection: reason={reason}', 'red'))
         self.connection = None
-        self.role.reset()
+        self.scenario.reset()
 
         if self.classic:
             AsyncRunner.spawn(self.device.set_discoverable(True))
@@ -1426,13 +1467,13 @@ def create_mode_factory(ctx, default_mode):
 
 
 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-def create_role_factory(ctx, default_role):
-    role = ctx.obj['role']
-    if role is None:
-        role = default_role
+def create_scenario_factory(ctx, default_scenario):
+    scenario = ctx.obj['scenario']
+    if scenario is None:
+        scenarion = default_scenario
 
-    def create_role(packet_io):
-        if role == 'sender':
+    def create_scenario(packet_io):
+        if scenario == 'send':
             return Sender(
                 packet_io,
                 start_delay=ctx.obj['start_delay'],
@@ -1443,10 +1484,10 @@ def create_role_factory(ctx, default_role):
                 packet_count=ctx.obj['packet_count'],
             )
 
-        if role == 'receiver':
+        if scenario == 'receive':
             return Receiver(packet_io, ctx.obj['linger'])
 
-        if role == 'ping':
+        if scenario == 'ping':
             return Ping(
                 packet_io,
                 start_delay=ctx.obj['start_delay'],
@@ -1457,12 +1498,12 @@ def create_role_factory(ctx, default_role):
                 packet_count=ctx.obj['packet_count'],
             )
 
-        if role == 'pong':
+        if scenario == 'pong':
             return Pong(packet_io, ctx.obj['linger'])
 
-        raise ValueError('invalid role')
+        raise ValueError('invalid scenario')
 
-    return create_role
+    return create_scenario
 
 
 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1470,7 +1511,7 @@ def create_role_factory(ctx, default_role):
 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 @click.group()
 @click.option('--device-config', metavar='FILENAME', help='Device configuration file')
-@click.option('--role', type=click.Choice(['sender', 'receiver', 'ping', 'pong']))
+@click.option('--scenario', type=click.Choice(['send', 'receive', 'ping', 'pong']))
 @click.option(
     '--mode',
     type=click.Choice(
@@ -1503,7 +1544,7 @@ def create_role_factory(ctx, default_role):
     '--rfcomm-channel',
     type=int,
     default=DEFAULT_RFCOMM_CHANNEL,
-    help='RFComm channel to use',
+    help='RFComm channel to use (specify 0 for channel discovery via SDP)',
 )
 @click.option(
     '--rfcomm-uuid',
@@ -1565,7 +1606,7 @@ def create_role_factory(ctx, default_role):
     metavar='SIZE',
     type=click.IntRange(8, 8192),
     default=500,
-    help='Packet size (client or ping role)',
+    help='Packet size (send or ping scenario)',
 )
 @click.option(
     '--packet-count',
@@ -1573,7 +1614,7 @@ def create_role_factory(ctx, default_role):
     metavar='COUNT',
     type=int,
     default=10,
-    help='Packet count (client or ping role)',
+    help='Packet count (send or ping scenario)',
 )
 @click.option(
     '--start-delay',
@@ -1581,7 +1622,7 @@ def create_role_factory(ctx, default_role):
     metavar='SECONDS',
     type=int,
     default=1,
-    help='Start delay (client or ping role)',
+    help='Start delay (send or ping scenario)',
 )
 @click.option(
     '--repeat',
@@ -1589,7 +1630,7 @@ def create_role_factory(ctx, default_role):
     type=int,
     default=0,
     help=(
-        'Repeat the run N times (client and ping roles)'
+        'Repeat the run N times (send and ping scenario)'
         '(0, which is the fault, to run just once) '
     ),
 )
@@ -1613,13 +1654,13 @@ def create_role_factory(ctx, default_role):
 @click.option(
     '--linger',
     is_flag=True,
-    help="Don't exit at the end of a run (server and pong roles)",
+    help="Don't exit at the end of a run (receive and pong scenarios)",
 )
 @click.pass_context
 def bench(
     ctx,
     device_config,
-    role,
+    scenario,
     mode,
     att_mtu,
     extended_data_length,
@@ -1645,7 +1686,7 @@ def bench(
 ):
     ctx.ensure_object(dict)
     ctx.obj['device_config'] = device_config
-    ctx.obj['role'] = role
+    ctx.obj['scenario'] = scenario
     ctx.obj['mode'] = mode
     ctx.obj['att_mtu'] = att_mtu
     ctx.obj['rfcomm_channel'] = rfcomm_channel
@@ -1699,7 +1740,7 @@ def central(
     ctx, transport, peripheral_address, connection_interval, phy, authenticate, encrypt
 ):
     """Run as a central (initiates the connection)"""
-    role_factory = create_role_factory(ctx, 'sender')
+    scenario_factory = create_scenario_factory(ctx, 'send')
     mode_factory = create_mode_factory(ctx, 'gatt-client')
     classic = ctx.obj['classic']
 
@@ -1708,7 +1749,7 @@ def central(
             transport,
             peripheral_address,
             classic,
-            role_factory,
+            scenario_factory,
             mode_factory,
             connection_interval,
             phy,
@@ -1726,13 +1767,13 @@ def central(
 @click.pass_context
 def peripheral(ctx, transport):
     """Run as a peripheral (waits for a connection)"""
-    role_factory = create_role_factory(ctx, 'receiver')
+    scenario_factory = create_scenario_factory(ctx, 'receive')
     mode_factory = create_mode_factory(ctx, 'gatt-server')
 
     async def run_peripheral():
         await Peripheral(
             transport,
-            role_factory,
+            scenario_factory,
             mode_factory,
             ctx.obj['classic'],
             ctx.obj['extended_data_length'],
@@ -1743,7 +1784,11 @@ def peripheral(ctx, transport):
 
 
 def main():
-    logging.basicConfig(level=os.environ.get('BUMBLE_LOGLEVEL', 'INFO').upper())
+    logging.basicConfig(
+        level=os.environ.get('BUMBLE_LOGLEVEL', 'INFO').upper(),
+        format="[%(asctime)s.%(msecs)03d] %(levelname)s:%(name)s:%(message)s",
+        datefmt="%H:%M:%S",
+    )
     bench()
 
 

apps/rfcomm_bridge.py

@@ -237,6 +237,7 @@ class ClientBridge:
         address: str,
         tcp_host: str,
         tcp_port: int,
+        authenticate: bool,
         encrypt: bool,
     ):
         self.channel = channel
@@ -245,6 +246,7 @@ class ClientBridge:
         self.address = address
         self.tcp_host = tcp_host
         self.tcp_port = tcp_port
+        self.authenticate = authenticate
         self.encrypt = encrypt
         self.device: Optional[Device] = None
         self.connection: Optional[Connection] = None
@@ -274,6 +276,11 @@ class ClientBridge:
         print(color(f"@@@ Bluetooth connection: {self.connection}", "blue"))
         self.connection.on("disconnection", self.on_disconnection)
 
+        if self.authenticate:
+            print(color("@@@ Authenticating Bluetooth connection", "blue"))
+            await self.connection.authenticate()
+            print(color("@@@ Bluetooth connection authenticated", "blue"))
+
         if self.encrypt:
             print(color("@@@ Encrypting Bluetooth connection", "blue"))
             await self.connection.encrypt()
@@ -491,8 +498,9 @@ def server(context, tcp_host, tcp_port):
 @click.argument("bluetooth-address")
 @click.option("--tcp-host", help="TCP host", default="_")
 @click.option("--tcp-port", help="TCP port", default=DEFAULT_CLIENT_TCP_PORT)
+@click.option("--authenticate", is_flag=True, help="Authenticate the connection")
 @click.option("--encrypt", is_flag=True, help="Encrypt the connection")
-def client(context, bluetooth_address, tcp_host, tcp_port, encrypt):
+def client(context, bluetooth_address, tcp_host, tcp_port, authenticate, encrypt):
     bridge = ClientBridge(
         context.obj["channel"],
         context.obj["uuid"],
@@ -500,6 +508,7 @@ def client(context, bluetooth_address, tcp_host, tcp_port, encrypt):
         bluetooth_address,
         tcp_host,
         tcp_port,
+        authenticate,
         encrypt,
     )
     asyncio.run(run(context.obj["device_config"], context.obj["hci_transport"], bridge))

bumble/att.py

@@ -759,13 +759,13 @@ class AttributeValue:
     def __init__(
         self,
         read: Union[
-            Callable[[Optional[Connection]], bytes],
-            Callable[[Optional[Connection]], Awaitable[bytes]],
+            Callable[[Optional[Connection]], Any],
+            Callable[[Optional[Connection]], Awaitable[Any]],
             None,
         ] = None,
         write: Union[
-            Callable[[Optional[Connection], bytes], None],
-            Callable[[Optional[Connection], bytes], Awaitable[None]],
+            Callable[[Optional[Connection], Any], None],
+            Callable[[Optional[Connection], Any], Awaitable[None]],
             None,
         ] = None,
     ):
@@ -824,13 +824,13 @@ class Attribute(EventEmitter):
     READ_REQUIRES_AUTHORIZATION = Permissions.READ_REQUIRES_AUTHORIZATION
     WRITE_REQUIRES_AUTHORIZATION = Permissions.WRITE_REQUIRES_AUTHORIZATION
 
-    value: Union[bytes, AttributeValue]
+    value: Any
 
     def __init__(
         self,
         attribute_type: Union[str, bytes, UUID],
         permissions: Union[str, Attribute.Permissions],
-        value: Union[str, bytes, AttributeValue] = b'',
+        value: Any = b'',
     ) -> None:
         EventEmitter.__init__(self)
         self.handle = 0
@@ -848,11 +848,7 @@ class Attribute(EventEmitter):
         else:
             self.type = attribute_type
 
-        # Convert the value to a byte array
-        if isinstance(value, str):
-            self.value = bytes(value, 'utf-8')
-        else:
-            self.value = value
+        self.value = value
 
     def encode_value(self, value: Any) -> bytes:
         return value
@@ -895,6 +891,8 @@ class Attribute(EventEmitter):
         else:
             value = self.value
 
+        self.emit('read', connection, value)
+
         return self.encode_value(value)
 
     async def write_value(self, connection: Connection, value_bytes: bytes) -> None:

bumble/avc.py

@@ -134,6 +134,8 @@ class Frame:
                 opcode_offset = 3
         elif subunit_id == 6:
             raise core.InvalidPacketError("reserved subunit ID")
+        else:
+            raise core.InvalidPacketError("invalid subunit ID")
 
         opcode = Frame.OperationCode(data[opcode_offset])
         operands = data[opcode_offset + 1 :]

bumble/gatt.py

@@ -28,12 +28,15 @@ import functools
 import logging
 import struct
 from typing import (
+    Any,
     Callable,
     Dict,
     Iterable,
     List,
     Optional,
     Sequence,
+    SupportsBytes,
+    Type,
     Union,
     TYPE_CHECKING,
 )
@@ -41,6 +44,7 @@ from typing import (
 from bumble.colors import color
 from bumble.core import BaseBumbleError, UUID
 from bumble.att import Attribute, AttributeValue
+from bumble.utils import ByteSerializable
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from bumble.gatt_client import AttributeProxy
@@ -343,7 +347,7 @@ class Service(Attribute):
     def __init__(
         self,
         uuid: Union[str, UUID],
-        characteristics: List[Characteristic],
+        characteristics: Iterable[Characteristic],
         primary=True,
         included_services: Iterable[Service] = (),
     ) -> None:
@@ -362,7 +366,7 @@ class Service(Attribute):
         )
         self.uuid = uuid
         self.included_services = list(included_services)
-        self.characteristics = characteristics[:]
+        self.characteristics = list(characteristics)
         self.primary = primary
 
     def get_advertising_data(self) -> Optional[bytes]:
@@ -393,7 +397,7 @@ class TemplateService(Service):
 
     def __init__(
         self,
-        characteristics: List[Characteristic],
+        characteristics: Iterable[Characteristic],
         primary: bool = True,
         included_services: Iterable[Service] = (),
     ) -> None:
@@ -490,7 +494,7 @@ class Characteristic(Attribute):
         uuid: Union[str, bytes, UUID],
         properties: Characteristic.Properties,
         permissions: Union[str, Attribute.Permissions],
-        value: Union[str, bytes, CharacteristicValue] = b'',
+        value: Any = b'',
         descriptors: Sequence[Descriptor] = (),
     ):
         super().__init__(uuid, permissions, value)
@@ -525,7 +529,11 @@ class CharacteristicDeclaration(Attribute):
 
     characteristic: Characteristic
 
-    def __init__(self, characteristic: Characteristic, value_handle: int) -> None:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        characteristic: Characteristic,
+        value_handle: int,
+    ) -> None:
         declaration_bytes = (
             struct.pack('<BH', characteristic.properties, value_handle)
             + characteristic.uuid.to_pdu_bytes()
@@ -705,7 +713,7 @@ class MappedCharacteristicAdapter(PackedCharacteristicAdapter):
     '''
     Adapter that packs/unpacks characteristic values according to a standard
     Python `struct` format.
-    The adapted `read_value` and `write_value` methods return/accept aa dictionary which
+    The adapted `read_value` and `write_value` methods return/accept a dictionary which
     is packed/unpacked according to format, with the arguments extracted from the
     dictionary by key, in the same order as they occur in the `keys` parameter.
     '''
@@ -735,6 +743,24 @@ class UTF8CharacteristicAdapter(CharacteristicAdapter):
         return value.decode('utf-8')
 
 
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+class SerializableCharacteristicAdapter(CharacteristicAdapter):
+    '''
+    Adapter that converts any class to/from bytes using the class'
+    `to_bytes` and `__bytes__` methods, respectively.
+    '''
+
+    def __init__(self, characteristic, cls: Type[ByteSerializable]):
+        super().__init__(characteristic)
+        self.cls = cls
+
+    def encode_value(self, value: SupportsBytes) -> bytes:
+        return bytes(value)
+
+    def decode_value(self, value: bytes) -> Any:
+        return self.cls.from_bytes(value)
+
+
 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 class Descriptor(Attribute):
     '''

bumble/gatt_client.py

@@ -898,6 +898,12 @@ class Client:
                 ) and subscriber in subscribers:
                     subscribers.remove(subscriber)
 
+                    # The characteristic itself is added as subscriber. If it is the
+                    # last remaining subscriber, we remove it, such that the clean up
+                    # works correctly. Otherwise the CCCD never is set back to 0.
+                    if len(subscribers) == 1 and characteristic in subscribers:
+                        subscribers.remove(characteristic)
+
                     # Cleanup if we removed the last one
                     if not subscribers:
                         del subscriber_set[characteristic.handle]

bumble/gatt_server.py

@@ -28,7 +28,17 @@ import asyncio
 import logging
 from collections import defaultdict
 import struct
-from typing import List, Tuple, Optional, TypeVar, Type, Dict, Iterable, TYPE_CHECKING
+from typing import (
+    Dict,
+    Iterable,
+    List,
+    Optional,
+    Tuple,
+    TypeVar,
+    Type,
+    Union,
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+)
 from pyee import EventEmitter
 
 from bumble.colors import color
@@ -68,6 +78,7 @@ from bumble.gatt import (
     GATT_REQUEST_TIMEOUT,
     GATT_SECONDARY_SERVICE_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE,
     Characteristic,
+    CharacteristicAdapter,
     CharacteristicDeclaration,
     CharacteristicValue,
     IncludedServiceDeclaration,

bumble/hci.py

@@ -915,6 +915,8 @@ HCI_SUPPORTED_COMMANDS_MASKS = {
     HCI_READ_CURRENT_IAC_LAP_COMMAND                                          : 1 << (11*8+3),
     HCI_WRITE_CURRENT_IAC_LAP_COMMAND                                         : 1 << (11*8+4),
     HCI_SET_AFH_HOST_CHANNEL_CLASSIFICATION_COMMAND                           : 1 << (12*8+1),
+    HCI_LE_CS_READ_REMOTE_FAE_TABLE_COMMAND                                   : 1 << (12*8+2),
+    HCI_LE_CS_WRITE_CACHED_REMOTE_FAE_TABLE_COMMAND                           : 1 << (12*8+3),
     HCI_READ_INQUIRY_SCAN_TYPE_COMMAND                                        : 1 << (12*8+4),
     HCI_WRITE_INQUIRY_SCAN_TYPE_COMMAND                                       : 1 << (12*8+5),
     HCI_READ_INQUIRY_MODE_COMMAND                                             : 1 << (12*8+6),
@@ -940,6 +942,8 @@ HCI_SUPPORTED_COMMANDS_MASKS = {
     HCI_SETUP_SYNCHRONOUS_CONNECTION_COMMAND                                  : 1 << (16*8+3),
     HCI_ACCEPT_SYNCHRONOUS_CONNECTION_REQUEST_COMMAND                         : 1 << (16*8+4),
     HCI_REJECT_SYNCHRONOUS_CONNECTION_REQUEST_COMMAND                         : 1 << (16*8+5),
+    HCI_LE_CS_CREATE_CONFIG_COMMAND                                           : 1 << (16*8+6),
+    HCI_LE_CS_REMOVE_CONFIG_COMMAND                                           : 1 << (16*8+7),
     HCI_READ_EXTENDED_INQUIRY_RESPONSE_COMMAND                                : 1 << (17*8+0),
     HCI_WRITE_EXTENDED_INQUIRY_RESPONSE_COMMAND                               : 1 << (17*8+1),
     HCI_REFRESH_ENCRYPTION_KEY_COMMAND                                        : 1 << (17*8+2),
@@ -963,13 +967,20 @@ HCI_SUPPORTED_COMMANDS_MASKS = {
     HCI_SEND_KEYPRESS_NOTIFICATION_COMMAND                                    : 1 << (20*8+2),
     HCI_IO_CAPABILITY_REQUEST_NEGATIVE_REPLY_COMMAND                          : 1 << (20*8+3),
     HCI_READ_ENCRYPTION_KEY_SIZE_COMMAND                                      : 1 << (20*8+4),
+    HCI_LE_CS_READ_LOCAL_SUPPORTED_CAPABILITIES_COMMAND                       : 1 << (20*8+5),
+    HCI_LE_CS_READ_REMOTE_SUPPORTED_CAPABILITIES_COMMAND                      : 1 << (20*8+6),
+    HCI_LE_CS_WRITE_CACHED_REMOTE_SUPPORTED_CAPABILITIES                      : 1 << (20*8+7),
     HCI_SET_EVENT_MASK_PAGE_2_COMMAND                                         : 1 << (22*8+2),
     HCI_READ_FLOW_CONTROL_MODE_COMMAND                                        : 1 << (23*8+0),
     HCI_WRITE_FLOW_CONTROL_MODE_COMMAND                                       : 1 << (23*8+1),
     HCI_READ_DATA_BLOCK_SIZE_COMMAND                                          : 1 << (23*8+2),
+    HCI_LE_CS_TEST_COMMAND                                                    : 1 << (23*8+3),
+    HCI_LE_CS_TEST_END_COMMAND                                                : 1 << (23*8+4),
     HCI_READ_ENHANCED_TRANSMIT_POWER_LEVEL_COMMAND                            : 1 << (24*8+0),
+    HCI_LE_CS_SECURITY_ENABLE_COMMAND                                         : 1 << (24*8+1),
     HCI_READ_LE_HOST_SUPPORT_COMMAND                                          : 1 << (24*8+5),
     HCI_WRITE_LE_HOST_SUPPORT_COMMAND                                         : 1 << (24*8+6),
+    HCI_LE_CS_SET_DEFAULT_SETTINGS_COMMAND                                    : 1 << (24*8+7),
     HCI_LE_SET_EVENT_MASK_COMMAND                                             : 1 << (25*8+0),
     HCI_LE_READ_BUFFER_SIZE_COMMAND                                           : 1 << (25*8+1),
     HCI_LE_READ_LOCAL_SUPPORTED_FEATURES_COMMAND                              : 1 << (25*8+2),
@@ -1000,6 +1011,10 @@ HCI_SUPPORTED_COMMANDS_MASKS = {
     HCI_LE_RECEIVER_TEST_COMMAND                                              : 1 << (28*8+4),
     HCI_LE_TRANSMITTER_TEST_COMMAND                                           : 1 << (28*8+5),
     HCI_LE_TEST_END_COMMAND                                                   : 1 << (28*8+6),
+    HCI_LE_ENABLE_MONITORING_ADVERTISERS_COMMAND                              : 1 << (28*8+7),
+    HCI_LE_CS_SET_CHANNEL_CLASSIFICATION_COMMAND                              : 1 << (29*8+0),
+    HCI_LE_CS_SET_PROCEDURE_PARAMETERS_COMMAND                                : 1 << (29*8+1),
+    HCI_LE_CS_PROCEDURE_ENABLE_COMMAND                                        : 1 << (29*8+2),
     HCI_ENHANCED_SETUP_SYNCHRONOUS_CONNECTION_COMMAND                         : 1 << (29*8+3),
     HCI_ENHANCED_ACCEPT_SYNCHRONOUS_CONNECTION_REQUEST_COMMAND                : 1 << (29*8+4),
     HCI_READ_LOCAL_SUPPORTED_CODECS_COMMAND                                   : 1 << (29*8+5),
@@ -1136,11 +1151,21 @@ HCI_SUPPORTED_COMMANDS_MASKS = {
     HCI_LE_SET_DEFAULT_SUBRATE_COMMAND                                        : 1 << (46*8+0),
     HCI_LE_SUBRATE_REQUEST_COMMAND                                            : 1 << (46*8+1),
     HCI_LE_SET_EXTENDED_ADVERTISING_PARAMETERS_V2_COMMAND                     : 1 << (46*8+2),
+    HCI_LE_SET_DECISION_DATA_COMMAND                                          : 1 << (46*8+3),
+    HCI_LE_SET_DECISION_INSTRUCTIONS_COMMAND                                  : 1 << (46*8+4),
     HCI_LE_SET_PERIODIC_ADVERTISING_SUBEVENT_DATA_COMMAND                     : 1 << (46*8+5),
     HCI_LE_SET_PERIODIC_ADVERTISING_RESPONSE_DATA_COMMAND                     : 1 << (46*8+6),
     HCI_LE_SET_PERIODIC_SYNC_SUBEVENT_COMMAND                                 : 1 << (46*8+7),
     HCI_LE_EXTENDED_CREATE_CONNECTION_V2_COMMAND                              : 1 << (47*8+0),
     HCI_LE_SET_PERIODIC_ADVERTISING_PARAMETERS_V2_COMMAND                     : 1 << (47*8+1),
+    HCI_LE_READ_ALL_LOCAL_SUPPORTED_FEATURES_COMMAND                          : 1 << (47*8+2),
+    HCI_LE_READ_ALL_REMOTE_FEATURES_COMMAND                                   : 1 << (47*8+3),
+    HCI_LE_SET_HOST_FEATURE_V2_COMMAND                                        : 1 << (47*8+4),
+    HCI_LE_ADD_DEVICE_TO_MONITORED_ADVERTISERS_LIST_COMMAND                   : 1 << (47*8+5),
+    HCI_LE_REMOVE_DEVICE_FROM_MONITORED_ADVERTISERS_LIST_COMMAND              : 1 << (47*8+6),
+    HCI_LE_CLEAR_MONITORED_ADVERTISERS_LIST_COMMAND                           : 1 << (47*8+7),
+    HCI_LE_READ_MONITORED_ADVERTISERS_LIST_SIZE_COMMAND                       : 1 << (48*8+0),
+    HCI_LE_FRAME_SPACE_UPDATE_COMMAND                                         : 1 << (48*8+1),
 }
 
 # LE Supported Features

bumble/l2cap.py

@@ -1911,6 +1911,7 @@ class ChannelManager:
             data = sum(1 << cid for cid in self.fixed_channels).to_bytes(8, 'little')
         else:
             result = L2CAP_Information_Response.NOT_SUPPORTED
+            data = b''
 
         self.send_control_frame(
             connection,

bumble/link.py

@@ -122,6 +122,8 @@ class LocalLink:
         elif transport == BT_BR_EDR_TRANSPORT:
             destination_controller = self.find_classic_controller(destination_address)
             source_address = sender_controller.public_address
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("unsupported transport type")
 
         if destination_controller is not None:
             destination_controller.on_link_acl_data(source_address, transport, data)

bumble/pandora/host.py

@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ from bumble.device import (
     AdvertisingEventProperties,
     AdvertisingType,
     Device,
-    Phy,
 )
 from bumble.gatt import Service
 from bumble.hci import (
@@ -47,6 +46,7 @@ from bumble.hci import (
     HCI_PAGE_TIMEOUT_ERROR,
     HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION_ERROR,
     Address,
+    Phy,
 )
 from google.protobuf import any_pb2  # pytype: disable=pyi-error
 from google.protobuf import empty_pb2  # pytype: disable=pyi-error

bumble/profiles/aics.py

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Imports
 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+from __future__ import annotations
 import logging
 import struct
 
@@ -28,10 +29,11 @@ from bumble.device import Connection
 from bumble.att import ATT_Error
 from bumble.gatt import (
     Characteristic,
-    DelegatedCharacteristicAdapter,
+    SerializableCharacteristicAdapter,
+    PackedCharacteristicAdapter,
     TemplateService,
     CharacteristicValue,
-    PackedCharacteristicAdapter,
+    UTF8CharacteristicAdapter,
     GATT_AUDIO_INPUT_CONTROL_SERVICE,
     GATT_AUDIO_INPUT_STATE_CHARACTERISTIC,
     GATT_GAIN_SETTINGS_ATTRIBUTE_CHARACTERISTIC,
@@ -154,9 +156,6 @@ class AudioInputState:
             attribute=self.attribute_value, value=bytes(self)
         )
 
-    def on_read(self, _connection: Optional[Connection]) -> bytes:
-        return bytes(self)
-
 
 @dataclass
 class GainSettingsProperties:
@@ -173,7 +172,7 @@ class GainSettingsProperties:
         (gain_settings_unit, gain_settings_minimum, gain_settings_maximum) = (
             struct.unpack('BBB', data)
         )
-        GainSettingsProperties(
+        return GainSettingsProperties(
             gain_settings_unit, gain_settings_minimum, gain_settings_maximum
         )
 
@@ -186,9 +185,6 @@ class GainSettingsProperties:
             ]
         )
 
-    def on_read(self, _connection: Optional[Connection]) -> bytes:
-        return bytes(self)
-
 
 @dataclass
 class AudioInputControlPoint:
@@ -321,21 +317,14 @@ class AudioInputDescription:
     audio_input_description: str = "Bluetooth"
     attribute_value: Optional[CharacteristicValue] = None
 
-    @classmethod
-    def from_bytes(cls, data: bytes):
-        return cls(audio_input_description=data.decode('utf-8'))
+    def on_read(self, _connection: Optional[Connection]) -> str:
+        return self.audio_input_description
 
-    def __bytes__(self) -> bytes:
-        return self.audio_input_description.encode('utf-8')
-
-    def on_read(self, _connection: Optional[Connection]) -> bytes:
-        return self.audio_input_description.encode('utf-8')
-
-    async def on_write(self, connection: Optional[Connection], value: bytes) -> None:
+    async def on_write(self, connection: Optional[Connection], value: str) -> None:
         assert connection
         assert self.attribute_value
 
-        self.audio_input_description = value.decode('utf-8')
+        self.audio_input_description = value
         await connection.device.notify_subscribers(
             attribute=self.attribute_value, value=value
         )
@@ -375,26 +364,29 @@ class AICSService(TemplateService):
             self.audio_input_state, self.gain_settings_properties
         )
 
-        self.audio_input_state_characteristic = DelegatedCharacteristicAdapter(
+        self.audio_input_state_characteristic = SerializableCharacteristicAdapter(
             Characteristic(
                 uuid=GATT_AUDIO_INPUT_STATE_CHARACTERISTIC,
                 properties=Characteristic.Properties.READ
                 | Characteristic.Properties.NOTIFY,
                 permissions=Characteristic.Permissions.READ_REQUIRES_ENCRYPTION,
-                value=CharacteristicValue(read=self.audio_input_state.on_read),
+                value=self.audio_input_state,
             ),
-            encode=lambda value: bytes(value),
+            AudioInputState,
         )
         self.audio_input_state.attribute_value = (
             self.audio_input_state_characteristic.value
         )
 
-        self.gain_settings_properties_characteristic = DelegatedCharacteristicAdapter(
-            Characteristic(
-                uuid=GATT_GAIN_SETTINGS_ATTRIBUTE_CHARACTERISTIC,
-                properties=Characteristic.Properties.READ,
-                permissions=Characteristic.Permissions.READ_REQUIRES_ENCRYPTION,
-                value=CharacteristicValue(read=self.gain_settings_properties.on_read),
+        self.gain_settings_properties_characteristic = (
+            SerializableCharacteristicAdapter(
+                Characteristic(
+                    uuid=GATT_GAIN_SETTINGS_ATTRIBUTE_CHARACTERISTIC,
+                    properties=Characteristic.Properties.READ,
+                    permissions=Characteristic.Permissions.READ_REQUIRES_ENCRYPTION,
+                    value=self.gain_settings_properties,
+                ),
+                GainSettingsProperties,
             )
         )
 
@@ -402,7 +394,7 @@ class AICSService(TemplateService):
             uuid=GATT_AUDIO_INPUT_TYPE_CHARACTERISTIC,
             properties=Characteristic.Properties.READ,
             permissions=Characteristic.Permissions.READ_REQUIRES_ENCRYPTION,
-            value=audio_input_type,
+            value=bytes(audio_input_type, 'utf-8'),
         )
 
         self.audio_input_status_characteristic = Characteristic(
@@ -412,18 +404,14 @@ class AICSService(TemplateService):
             value=bytes([self.audio_input_status]),
         )
 
-        self.audio_input_control_point_characteristic = DelegatedCharacteristicAdapter(
-            Characteristic(
-                uuid=GATT_AUDIO_INPUT_CONTROL_POINT_CHARACTERISTIC,
-                properties=Characteristic.Properties.WRITE,
-                permissions=Characteristic.Permissions.WRITE_REQUIRES_ENCRYPTION,
-                value=CharacteristicValue(
-                    write=self.audio_input_control_point.on_write
-                ),
-            )
+        self.audio_input_control_point_characteristic = Characteristic(
+            uuid=GATT_AUDIO_INPUT_CONTROL_POINT_CHARACTERISTIC,
+            properties=Characteristic.Properties.WRITE,
+            permissions=Characteristic.Permissions.WRITE_REQUIRES_ENCRYPTION,
+            value=CharacteristicValue(write=self.audio_input_control_point.on_write),
         )
 
-        self.audio_input_description_characteristic = DelegatedCharacteristicAdapter(
+        self.audio_input_description_characteristic = UTF8CharacteristicAdapter(
             Characteristic(
                 uuid=GATT_AUDIO_INPUT_DESCRIPTION_CHARACTERISTIC,
                 properties=Characteristic.Properties.READ
@@ -469,8 +457,8 @@ class AICSServiceProxy(ProfileServiceProxy):
             )
         ):
             raise gatt.InvalidServiceError("Audio Input State Characteristic not found")
-        self.audio_input_state = DelegatedCharacteristicAdapter(
-            characteristic=characteristics[0], decode=AudioInputState.from_bytes
+        self.audio_input_state = SerializableCharacteristicAdapter(
+            characteristics[0], AudioInputState
         )
 
         if not (
@@ -481,9 +469,8 @@ class AICSServiceProxy(ProfileServiceProxy):
             raise gatt.InvalidServiceError(
                 "Gain Settings Attribute Characteristic not found"
             )
-        self.gain_settings_properties = PackedCharacteristicAdapter(
-            characteristics[0],
-            'BBB',
+        self.gain_settings_properties = SerializableCharacteristicAdapter(
+            characteristics[0], GainSettingsProperties
         )
 
         if not (
@@ -494,10 +481,7 @@ class AICSServiceProxy(ProfileServiceProxy):
             raise gatt.InvalidServiceError(
                 "Audio Input Status Characteristic not found"
             )
-        self.audio_input_status = PackedCharacteristicAdapter(
-            characteristics[0],
-            'B',
-        )
+        self.audio_input_status = PackedCharacteristicAdapter(characteristics[0], 'B')
 
         if not (
             characteristics := service_proxy.get_characteristics_by_uuid(
@@ -517,4 +501,4 @@ class AICSServiceProxy(ProfileServiceProxy):
             raise gatt.InvalidServiceError(
                 "Audio Input Description Characteristic not found"
             )
-        self.audio_input_description = characteristics[0]
+        self.audio_input_description = UTF8CharacteristicAdapter(characteristics[0])

bumble/profiles/bap.py

@@ -102,6 +102,7 @@ class ContextType(enum.IntFlag):
 
     # fmt: off
     PROHIBITED       = 0x0000
+    UNSPECIFIED      = 0x0001
     CONVERSATIONAL   = 0x0002
     MEDIA            = 0x0004
     GAME             = 0x0008
@@ -350,6 +351,7 @@ class CodecSpecificCapabilities:
                 supported_max_codec_frames_per_sdu = value
 
         # It is expected here that if some fields are missing, an error should be raised.
+        # pylint: disable=possibly-used-before-assignment,used-before-assignment
         return CodecSpecificCapabilities(
             supported_sampling_frequencies=supported_sampling_frequencies,
             supported_frame_durations=supported_frame_durations,
@@ -426,6 +428,7 @@ class CodecSpecificConfiguration:
                 codec_frames_per_sdu = value
 
         # It is expected here that if some fields are missing, an error should be raised.
+        # pylint: disable=possibly-used-before-assignment,used-before-assignment
         return CodecSpecificConfiguration(
             sampling_frequency=sampling_frequency,
             frame_duration=frame_duration,

bumble/profiles/bass.py

@@ -276,10 +276,7 @@ class BroadcastReceiveState:
     subgroups: List[SubgroupInfo]
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_bytes(cls, data: bytes) -> Optional[BroadcastReceiveState]:
-        if not data:
-            return None
-
+    def from_bytes(cls, data: bytes) -> BroadcastReceiveState:
         source_id = data[0]
         _, source_address = hci.Address.parse_address_preceded_by_type(data, 2)
         source_adv_sid = data[8]
@@ -357,7 +354,7 @@ class BroadcastAudioScanServiceProxy(gatt_client.ProfileServiceProxy):
     SERVICE_CLASS = BroadcastAudioScanService
 
     broadcast_audio_scan_control_point: gatt_client.CharacteristicProxy
-    broadcast_receive_states: List[gatt.DelegatedCharacteristicAdapter]
+    broadcast_receive_states: List[gatt.SerializableCharacteristicAdapter]
 
     def __init__(self, service_proxy: gatt_client.ServiceProxy):
         self.service_proxy = service_proxy
@@ -381,8 +378,8 @@ class BroadcastAudioScanServiceProxy(gatt_client.ProfileServiceProxy):
                 "Broadcast Receive State characteristic not found"
             )
         self.broadcast_receive_states = [
-            gatt.DelegatedCharacteristicAdapter(
-                characteristic, decode=BroadcastReceiveState.from_bytes
+            gatt.SerializableCharacteristicAdapter(
+                characteristic, BroadcastReceiveState
             )
             for characteristic in characteristics
         ]

bumble/profiles/device_information_service.py

@@ -64,7 +64,10 @@ class DeviceInformationService(TemplateService):
     ):
         characteristics = [
             Characteristic(
-                uuid, Characteristic.Properties.READ, Characteristic.READABLE, field
+                uuid,
+                Characteristic.Properties.READ,
+                Characteristic.READABLE,
+                bytes(field, 'utf-8'),
             )
             for (field, uuid) in (
                 (manufacturer_name, GATT_MANUFACTURER_NAME_STRING_CHARACTERISTIC),

bumble/profiles/heart_rate_service.py

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ from ..gatt import (
     TemplateService,
     Characteristic,
     CharacteristicValue,
+    SerializableCharacteristicAdapter,
     DelegatedCharacteristicAdapter,
     PackedCharacteristicAdapter,
 )
@@ -150,15 +151,14 @@ class HeartRateService(TemplateService):
         body_sensor_location=None,
         reset_energy_expended=None,
     ):
-        self.heart_rate_measurement_characteristic = DelegatedCharacteristicAdapter(
+        self.heart_rate_measurement_characteristic = SerializableCharacteristicAdapter(
             Characteristic(
                 GATT_HEART_RATE_MEASUREMENT_CHARACTERISTIC,
                 Characteristic.Properties.NOTIFY,
                 0,
                 CharacteristicValue(read=read_heart_rate_measurement),
             ),
-            # pylint: disable=unnecessary-lambda
-            encode=lambda value: bytes(value),
+            HeartRateService.HeartRateMeasurement,
         )
         characteristics = [self.heart_rate_measurement_characteristic]
 
@@ -204,9 +204,8 @@ class HeartRateServiceProxy(ProfileServiceProxy):
         if characteristics := service_proxy.get_characteristics_by_uuid(
             GATT_HEART_RATE_MEASUREMENT_CHARACTERISTIC
         ):
-            self.heart_rate_measurement = DelegatedCharacteristicAdapter(
-                characteristics[0],
-                decode=HeartRateService.HeartRateMeasurement.from_bytes,
+            self.heart_rate_measurement = SerializableCharacteristicAdapter(
+                characteristics[0], HeartRateService.HeartRateMeasurement
             )
         else:
             self.heart_rate_measurement = None

bumble/sdp.py

@@ -434,6 +434,8 @@ class DataElement:
             if size != 1:
                 raise InvalidArgumentError('boolean must be 1 byte')
             size_index = 0
+        else:
+            raise RuntimeError("internal error - self.type not supported")
 
         self.bytes = bytes([self.type << 3 | size_index]) + size_bytes + data
         return self.bytes

bumble/smp.py

@@ -1839,7 +1839,7 @@ class Session:
         if self.is_initiator:
             if self.pairing_method == PairingMethod.OOB:
                 self.send_pairing_random_command()
-            else:
+            elif self.pairing_method == PairingMethod.PASSKEY:
                 self.send_pairing_confirm_command()
         else:
             if self.pairing_method == PairingMethod.PASSKEY:

bumble/transport/common.py

@@ -370,11 +370,13 @@ class PumpedPacketSource(ParserSource):
                     self.parser.feed_data(packet)
                 except asyncio.CancelledError:
                     logger.debug('source pump task done')
-                    self.terminated.set_result(None)
+                    if not self.terminated.done():
+                        self.terminated.set_result(None)
                     break
                 except Exception as error:
                     logger.warning(f'exception while waiting for packet: {error}')
-                    self.terminated.set_exception(error)
+                    if not self.terminated.done():
+                        self.terminated.set_exception(error)
                     break
 
         self.pump_task = asyncio.create_task(pump_packets())

bumble/utils.py

@@ -24,17 +24,19 @@ import logging
 import sys
 import warnings
 from typing import (
-    Awaitable,
-    Set,
-    TypeVar,
-    List,
-    Tuple,
-    Callable,
     Any,
+    Awaitable,
+    Callable,
+    List,
     Optional,
+    Protocol,
+    Set,
+    Tuple,
+    TypeVar,
     Union,
     overload,
 )
+from typing_extensions import Self
 
 from pyee import EventEmitter
 
@@ -487,3 +489,16 @@ class OpenIntEnum(enum.IntEnum):
         obj._value_ = value
         obj._name_ = f"{cls.__name__}[{value}]"
         return obj
+
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+class ByteSerializable(Protocol):
+    """
+    Type protocol for classes that can be instantiated from bytes and serialized
+    to bytes.
+    """
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_bytes(cls, data: bytes) -> Self: ...
+
+    def __bytes__(self) -> bytes: ...

docs/mkdocs/src/apps_and_tools/bench.md

@@ -11,32 +11,44 @@ Usage: bumble-bench [OPTIONS] COMMAND [ARGS]...
 
 Options:
   --device-config FILENAME        Device configuration file
-  --role [sender|receiver|ping|pong]
+  --scenario [send|receive|ping|pong]
   --mode [gatt-client|gatt-server|l2cap-client|l2cap-server|rfcomm-client|rfcomm-server]
   --att-mtu MTU                   GATT MTU (gatt-client mode)  [23<=x<=517]
   --extended-data-length TEXT     Request a data length upon connection,
                                   specified as tx_octets/tx_time
-  --rfcomm-channel INTEGER        RFComm channel to use
+  --role-switch [central|peripheral]
+                                  Request role switch upon connection (central
+                                  or peripheral)
+  --rfcomm-channel INTEGER        RFComm channel to use (specify 0 for channel
+                                  discovery via SDP)
   --rfcomm-uuid TEXT              RFComm service UUID to use (ignored if
                                   --rfcomm-channel is not 0)
+  --rfcomm-l2cap-mtu INTEGER      RFComm L2CAP MTU
+  --rfcomm-max-frame-size INTEGER
+                                  RFComm maximum frame size
+  --rfcomm-initial-credits INTEGER
+                                  RFComm initial credits
+  --rfcomm-max-credits INTEGER    RFComm max credits
+  --rfcomm-credits-threshold INTEGER
+                                  RFComm credits threshold
   --l2cap-psm INTEGER             L2CAP PSM to use
   --l2cap-mtu INTEGER             L2CAP MTU to use
   --l2cap-mps INTEGER             L2CAP MPS to use
   --l2cap-max-credits INTEGER     L2CAP maximum number of credits allowed for
                                   the peer
-  -s, --packet-size SIZE          Packet size (client or ping role)
-                                  [8<=x<=4096]
-  -c, --packet-count COUNT        Packet count (client or ping role)
-  -sd, --start-delay SECONDS      Start delay (client or ping role)
-  --repeat N                      Repeat the run N times (client and ping
-                                  roles)(0, which is the fault, to run just
+  -s, --packet-size SIZE          Packet size (send or ping scenario)
+                                  [8<=x<=8192]
+  -c, --packet-count COUNT        Packet count (send or ping scenario)
+  -sd, --start-delay SECONDS      Start delay (send or ping scenario)
+  --repeat N                      Repeat the run N times (send and ping
+                                  scenario)(0, which is the fault, to run just
                                   once)
   --repeat-delay SECONDS          Delay, in seconds, between repeats
   --pace MILLISECONDS             Wait N milliseconds between packets (0,
                                   which is the fault, to send as fast as
                                   possible)
-  --linger                        Don't exit at the end of a run (server and
-                                  pong roles)
+  --linger                        Don't exit at the end of a run (receive and
+                                  pong scenarios)
   --help                          Show this message and exit.
 
 Commands:
@@ -71,19 +83,19 @@ using the ``--peripheral`` option. The address will be printed by the Peripheral
 it starts.
 
 Independently of whether the device is the Central or Peripheral, each device selects a
-``mode`` and and ``role`` to run as. The ``mode`` and ``role`` of the Central and Peripheral
+``mode`` and and ``scenario`` to run as. The ``mode`` and ``scenario`` of the Central and Peripheral
 must be compatible.
 
-Device 1 mode     | Device 2 mode
+Device 1 scenario | Device 2 scenario
 ------------------|------------------
 ``gatt-client``   | ``gatt-server``
 ``l2cap-client``  | ``l2cap-server``
 ``rfcomm-client`` | ``rfcomm-server``
 
-Device 1 role | Device 2 role
---------------|--------------
-``sender``    | ``receiver``
-``ping``      | ``pong``
+Device 1 scenario | Device 2 scenario
+------------------|--------------
+``send``          | ``receive``
+``ping``          | ``pong``
 
 
 # Examples
@@ -92,7 +104,7 @@ In the following examples, we have two USB Bluetooth controllers, one on `usb:0`
 the other on `usb:1`, and two consoles/terminals. We will run a command in each.
 
 !!! example "GATT Throughput"
-    Using the default mode and role for the Central and Peripheral.
+    Using the default mode and scenario for the Central and Peripheral.
 
     In the first console/terminal:
     ```
@@ -137,12 +149,12 @@ the other on `usb:1`, and two consoles/terminals. We will run a command in each.
 !!! example "Ping/Pong Latency"
     In the first console/terminal:
     ```
-    $ bumble-bench --role pong peripheral usb:0
+    $ bumble-bench --scenario pong peripheral usb:0
     ```
 
     In the second console/terminal:
     ```
-    $ bumble-bench --role ping central usb:1
+    $ bumble-bench --scenario ping central usb:1
     ```
 
 !!! example "Reversed modes with GATT and custom connection interval"
@@ -167,13 +179,13 @@ the other on `usb:1`, and two consoles/terminals. We will run a command in each.
     $ bumble-bench --mode l2cap-server central --phy 2m usb:1
     ```
 
-!!! example "Reversed roles with L2CAP"
+!!! example "Reversed scenarios with L2CAP"
     In the first console/terminal:
     ```
-    $ bumble-bench --mode l2cap-client --role sender peripheral usb:0
+    $ bumble-bench --mode l2cap-client --scenario send peripheral usb:0
     ```
 
     In the second console/terminal:
     ```
-    $ bumble-bench --mode l2cap-server --role receiver central usb:1
+    $ bumble-bench --mode l2cap-server --scenario receive central usb:1
     ```

docs/mkdocs/src/getting_started.md

@@ -3,9 +3,7 @@ GETTING STARTED WITH BUMBLE
 
 # Prerequisites
 
-You need Python 3.8 or above. Python >= 3.9 is recommended, but 3.8 should be sufficient if
-necessary (there may be some optional functionality that will not work on some platforms with
-python 3.8).
+You need Python 3.9 or above.
 Visit the [Python site](https://www.python.org/) for instructions on how to install Python
 for your platform.
 Throughout the documentation, when shell commands are shown, it is assumed that you can

docs/mkdocs/src/index.md

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ Some of the configurations that may be useful:
 
 See the [use cases page](use_cases/index.md) for more use cases.
 
-The project is implemented in Python (Python >= 3.8 is required). A number of APIs for functionality that is inherently I/O bound is implemented in terms of python coroutines with async IO. This means that all of the concurrent tasks run in the same thread, which makes everything much simpler and more predictable.
+The project is implemented in Python (Python >= 3.9 is required). A number of APIs for functionality that is inherently I/O bound is implemented in terms of python coroutines with async IO. This means that all of the concurrent tasks run in the same thread, which makes everything much simpler and more predictable.
 
 ![layers](images/bumble_layers.svg)
 

docs/mkdocs/src/platforms/index.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 PLATFORMS
 =========
 
-Most of the code included in the project should run on any platform that supports Python >= 3.8. Not all features are supported on all platforms (for example, USB dongle support is only available on platforms where the python USB library is functional).
+Most of the code included in the project should run on any platform that supports Python >= 3.9. Not all features are supported on all platforms (for example, USB dongle support is only available on platforms where the python USB library is functional).
 
 For platform-specific information, see the following pages:
 

environment.yml

@@ -4,6 +4,6 @@ channels:
   - conda-forge
 dependencies:
   - pip=23
-  - python=3.8
+  - python=3.9
   - pip:
     - --editable .[development,documentation,test]

examples/keyboard.py

@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ async def keyboard_device(device, command):
                         GATT_MANUFACTURER_NAME_STRING_CHARACTERISTIC,
                         Characteristic.Properties.READ,
                         Characteristic.READABLE,
-                        'Bumble',
+                        bytes('Bumble', 'utf-8'),
                     )
                 ],
             ),

examples/mobly/bench/one_device_bench_test.py

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+from mobly import base_test
+from mobly import test_runner
+from mobly.controllers import android_device
+
+
+class OneDeviceBenchTest(base_test.BaseTestClass):
+
+    def setup_class(self):
+        self.ads = self.register_controller(android_device)
+        self.dut = self.ads[0]
+        self.dut.load_snippet("bench", "com.github.google.bumble.btbench")
+
+    def test_rfcomm_client_ping(self):
+        runner = self.dut.bench.runRfcommClient(
+            "ping", "DC:E5:5B:E5:51:2C", 100, 970, 100
+        )
+        print("### Initial status:", runner)
+        final_status = self.dut.bench.waitForRunnerCompletion(runner["id"])
+        print("### Final status:", final_status)
+
+    def test_rfcomm_client_send(self):
+        runner = self.dut.bench.runRfcommClient(
+            "send", "DC:E5:5B:E5:51:2C", 100, 970, 0
+        )
+        print("### Initial status:", runner)
+        final_status = self.dut.bench.waitForRunnerCompletion(runner["id"])
+        print("### Final status:", final_status)
+
+    def test_l2cap_client_ping(self):
+        runner = self.dut.bench.runL2capClient(
+            "ping", "4B:2A:67:76:2B:E3", 128, True, 100, 970, 100
+        )
+        print("### Initial status:", runner)
+        final_status = self.dut.bench.waitForRunnerCompletion(runner["id"])
+        print("### Final status:", final_status)
+
+    def test_l2cap_client_send(self):
+        runner = self.dut.bench.runL2capClient(
+            "send", "7E:90:D0:F2:7A:11", 131, True, 100, 970, 0
+        )
+        print("### Initial status:", runner)
+        final_status = self.dut.bench.waitForRunnerCompletion(runner["id"])
+        print("### Final status:", final_status)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    test_runner.main()

examples/mobly/bench/sample_config.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+TestBeds:
+  - Name: BenchTestBed
+    Controllers:
+        AndroidDevice:
+          - serial: 37211FDJG000DJ
+            local_bt_address: 94:45:60:5E:03:B0
+
+          - serial: 23071FDEE001F7
+            local_bt_address: DC:E5:5B:E5:51:2C

examples/mobly/bench/two_devices_bench_test.py

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+import time
+
+from mobly import base_test
+from mobly import test_runner
+from mobly.controllers import android_device
+
+
+class TwoDevicesBenchTest(base_test.BaseTestClass):
+    def setup_class(self):
+        self.ads = self.register_controller(android_device)
+        self.dut1 = self.ads[0]
+        self.dut1.load_snippet("bench", "com.github.google.bumble.btbench")
+        self.dut2 = self.ads[1]
+        self.dut2.load_snippet("bench", "com.github.google.bumble.btbench")
+
+    def test_rfcomm_client_send_receive(self):
+        print("### Starting Receiver")
+        receiver = self.dut2.bench.runRfcommServer("receive")
+        receiver_id = receiver["id"]
+        print("--- Receiver status:", receiver)
+        while not receiver["model"]["running"]:
+            print("--- Waiting for Receiver to be running...")
+            time.sleep(1)
+            receiver = self.dut2.bench.getRunner(receiver_id)
+
+        print("### Starting Sender")
+        sender = self.dut1.bench.runRfcommClient(
+            "send", "DC:E5:5B:E5:51:2C", 100, 970, 100
+        )
+        print("--- Sender status:", sender)
+
+        print("--- Waiting for Sender to complete...")
+        sender_result = self.dut1.bench.waitForRunnerCompletion(sender["id"])
+        print("--- Sender result:", sender_result)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    test_runner.main()

examples/run_extended_advertiser_2.py

@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ async def main() -> None:
                 [(AdvertisingData.COMPLETE_LOCAL_NAME, "Bumble 2".encode("utf-8"))]
             )
 
+        # pylint: disable=possibly-used-before-assignment
         if device.host.number_of_supported_advertising_sets >= 2:
             set2 = await device.create_advertising_set(
                 random_address=Address("F0:F0:F0:F0:F0:F1"),

examples/run_gatt_server.py

@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ async def main() -> None:
                     '486F64C6-4B5F-4B3B-8AFF-EDE134A8446A',
                     Characteristic.Properties.READ | Characteristic.Properties.NOTIFY,
                     Characteristic.READABLE,
-                    'hello',
+                    bytes('hello', 'utf-8'),
                 ),
             ],
         )

examples/run_gatt_with_adapters.py

@@ -0,0 +1,319 @@
+# Copyright 2024 Google LLC
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Imports
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+from __future__ import annotations
+import asyncio
+import dataclasses
+import logging
+import os
+import random
+import struct
+import sys
+from typing import Any, List, Union
+
+from bumble.device import Connection, Device, Peer
+from bumble import transport
+from bumble import gatt
+from bumble import hci
+from bumble import core
+
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+SERVICE_UUID = core.UUID("50DB505C-8AC4-4738-8448-3B1D9CC09CC5")
+CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_BASE = "D901B45B-4916-412E-ACCA-0000000000"
+
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class CustomSerializableClass:
+    x: int
+    y: int
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_bytes(cls, data: bytes) -> CustomSerializableClass:
+        return cls(*struct.unpack(">II", data))
+
+    def __bytes__(self) -> bytes:
+        return struct.pack(">II", self.x, self.y)
+
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class CustomClass:
+    a: int
+    b: int
+
+    @classmethod
+    def decode(cls, data: bytes) -> CustomClass:
+        return cls(*struct.unpack(">II", data))
+
+    def encode(self) -> bytes:
+        return struct.pack(">II", self.a, self.b)
+
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+async def client(device: Device, address: hci.Address) -> None:
+    print(f'=== Connecting to {address}...')
+    connection = await device.connect(address)
+    print('=== Connected')
+
+    # Discover all characteristics.
+    peer = Peer(connection)
+    print("*** Discovering services and characteristics...")
+    await peer.discover_all()
+    print("*** Discovery complete")
+
+    service = peer.get_services_by_uuid(SERVICE_UUID)[0]
+    characteristics = []
+    for index in range(1, 9):
+        characteristics.append(
+            service.get_characteristics_by_uuid(
+                CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_BASE + f"{index:02X}"
+            )[0]
+        )
+
+    # Read all characteristics as raw bytes.
+    for characteristic in characteristics:
+        value = await characteristic.read_value()
+        print(f"### {characteristic} = {value} ({value.hex()})")
+
+    # Static characteristic with a bytes value.
+    c1 = characteristics[0]
+    c1_value = await c1.read_value()
+    print(f"@@@ C1 {c1} value = {c1_value} (type={type(c1_value)})")
+    await c1.write_value("happy π day".encode("utf-8"))
+
+    # Static characteristic with a string value.
+    c2 = gatt.UTF8CharacteristicAdapter(characteristics[1])
+    c2_value = await c2.read_value()
+    print(f"@@@ C2 {c2} value = {c2_value} (type={type(c2_value)})")
+    await c2.write_value("happy π day")
+
+    # Static characteristic with a tuple value.
+    c3 = gatt.PackedCharacteristicAdapter(characteristics[2], ">III")
+    c3_value = await c3.read_value()
+    print(f"@@@ C3 {c3} value = {c3_value} (type={type(c3_value)})")
+    await c3.write_value((2001, 2002, 2003))
+
+    # Static characteristic with a named tuple value.
+    c4 = gatt.MappedCharacteristicAdapter(
+        characteristics[3], ">III", ["f1", "f2", "f3"]
+    )
+    c4_value = await c4.read_value()
+    print(f"@@@ C4 {c4} value = {c4_value} (type={type(c4_value)})")
+    await c4.write_value({"f1": 4001, "f2": 4002, "f3": 4003})
+
+    # Static characteristic with a serializable value.
+    c5 = gatt.SerializableCharacteristicAdapter(
+        characteristics[4], CustomSerializableClass
+    )
+    c5_value = await c5.read_value()
+    print(f"@@@ C5 {c5} value = {c5_value} (type={type(c5_value)})")
+    await c5.write_value(CustomSerializableClass(56, 57))
+
+    # Static characteristic with a delegated value.
+    c6 = gatt.DelegatedCharacteristicAdapter(
+        characteristics[5], encode=CustomClass.encode, decode=CustomClass.decode
+    )
+    c6_value = await c6.read_value()
+    print(f"@@@ C6 {c6} value = {c6_value} (type={type(c6_value)})")
+    await c6.write_value(CustomClass(6, 7))
+
+    # Dynamic characteristic with a bytes value.
+    c7 = characteristics[6]
+    c7_value = await c7.read_value()
+    print(f"@@@ C7 {c7} value = {c7_value} (type={type(c7_value)})")
+    await c7.write_value(bytes.fromhex("01020304"))
+
+    # Dynamic characteristic with a string value.
+    c8 = gatt.UTF8CharacteristicAdapter(characteristics[7])
+    c8_value = await c8.read_value()
+    print(f"@@@ C8 {c8} value = {c8_value} (type={type(c8_value)})")
+    await c8.write_value("howdy")
+
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def dynamic_read(selector: str) -> Union[bytes, str]:
+    if selector == "bytes":
+        print("$$$ Returning random bytes")
+        return random.randbytes(7)
+    elif selector == "string":
+        print("$$$ Returning random string")
+        return random.randbytes(7).hex()
+
+    raise ValueError("invalid selector")
+
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def dynamic_write(selector: str, value: Any) -> None:
+    print(f"$$$ Received[{selector}]: {value} (type={type(value)})")
+
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def on_characteristic_read(characteristic: gatt.Characteristic, value: Any) -> None:
+    """Event listener invoked when a characteristic is read."""
+    print(f"<<< READ: {characteristic} -> {value} ({type(value)})")
+
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def on_characteristic_write(characteristic: gatt.Characteristic, value: Any) -> None:
+    """Event listener invoked when a characteristic is written."""
+    print(f"<<< WRITE: {characteristic} <- {value}  ({type(value)})")
+
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+async def main() -> None:
+    if len(sys.argv) < 2:
+        print("Usage: run_gatt_with_adapters.py <transport-spec> [<bluetooth-address>]")
+        print("example: run_gatt_with_adapters.py usb:0 E1:CA:72:48:C4:E8")
+        return
+
+    async with await transport.open_transport(sys.argv[1]) as hci_transport:
+        # Create a device to manage the host
+        device = Device.with_hci(
+            "Bumble",
+            hci.Address("F0:F1:F2:F3:F4:F5"),
+            hci_transport.source,
+            hci_transport.sink,
+        )
+
+        # Static characteristic with a bytes value.
+        c1 = gatt.Characteristic(
+            CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_BASE + "01",
+            gatt.Characteristic.Properties.READ | gatt.Characteristic.Properties.WRITE,
+            gatt.Characteristic.READABLE | gatt.Characteristic.WRITEABLE,
+            b'hello',
+        )
+
+        # Static characteristic with a string value.
+        c2 = gatt.UTF8CharacteristicAdapter(
+            gatt.Characteristic(
+                CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_BASE + "02",
+                gatt.Characteristic.Properties.READ
+                | gatt.Characteristic.Properties.WRITE,
+                gatt.Characteristic.READABLE | gatt.Characteristic.WRITEABLE,
+                'hello',
+            )
+        )
+
+        # Static characteristic with a tuple value.
+        c3 = gatt.PackedCharacteristicAdapter(
+            gatt.Characteristic(
+                CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_BASE + "03",
+                gatt.Characteristic.Properties.READ
+                | gatt.Characteristic.Properties.WRITE,
+                gatt.Characteristic.READABLE | gatt.Characteristic.WRITEABLE,
+                (1007, 1008, 1009),
+            ),
+            ">III",
+        )
+
+        # Static characteristic with a named tuple value.
+        c4 = gatt.MappedCharacteristicAdapter(
+            gatt.Characteristic(
+                CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_BASE + "04",
+                gatt.Characteristic.Properties.READ
+                | gatt.Characteristic.Properties.WRITE,
+                gatt.Characteristic.READABLE | gatt.Characteristic.WRITEABLE,
+                {"f1": 3007, "f2": 3008, "f3": 3009},
+            ),
+            ">III",
+            ["f1", "f2", "f3"],
+        )
+
+        # Static characteristic with a serializable value.
+        c5 = gatt.SerializableCharacteristicAdapter(
+            gatt.Characteristic(
+                CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_BASE + "05",
+                gatt.Characteristic.Properties.READ
+                | gatt.Characteristic.Properties.WRITE,
+                gatt.Characteristic.READABLE | gatt.Characteristic.WRITEABLE,
+                CustomSerializableClass(11, 12),
+            ),
+            CustomSerializableClass,
+        )
+
+        # Static characteristic with a delegated value.
+        c6 = gatt.DelegatedCharacteristicAdapter(
+            gatt.Characteristic(
+                CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_BASE + "06",
+                gatt.Characteristic.Properties.READ
+                | gatt.Characteristic.Properties.WRITE,
+                gatt.Characteristic.READABLE | gatt.Characteristic.WRITEABLE,
+                CustomClass(1, 2),
+            ),
+            encode=CustomClass.encode,
+            decode=CustomClass.decode,
+        )
+
+        # Dynamic characteristic with a bytes value.
+        c7 = gatt.Characteristic(
+            CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_BASE + "07",
+            gatt.Characteristic.Properties.READ | gatt.Characteristic.Properties.WRITE,
+            gatt.Characteristic.READABLE | gatt.Characteristic.WRITEABLE,
+            gatt.CharacteristicValue(
+                read=lambda connection: dynamic_read("bytes"),
+                write=lambda connection, value: dynamic_write("bytes", value),
+            ),
+        )
+
+        # Dynamic characteristic with a string value.
+        c8 = gatt.UTF8CharacteristicAdapter(
+            gatt.Characteristic(
+                CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_BASE + "08",
+                gatt.Characteristic.Properties.READ
+                | gatt.Characteristic.Properties.WRITE,
+                gatt.Characteristic.READABLE | gatt.Characteristic.WRITEABLE,
+                gatt.CharacteristicValue(
+                    read=lambda connection: dynamic_read("string"),
+                    write=lambda connection, value: dynamic_write("string", value),
+                ),
+            )
+        )
+
+        characteristics: List[
+            Union[gatt.Characteristic, gatt.CharacteristicAdapter]
+        ] = [c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8]
+
+        # Listen for read and write events.
+        for characteristic in characteristics:
+            characteristic.on(
+                "read",
+                lambda _, value, c=characteristic: on_characteristic_read(c, value),
+            )
+            characteristic.on(
+                "write",
+                lambda _, value, c=characteristic: on_characteristic_write(c, value),
+            )
+
+        device.add_service(gatt.Service(SERVICE_UUID, characteristics))  # type: ignore
+
+        # Get things going
+        await device.power_on()
+
+        # Connect to a peer
+        if len(sys.argv) > 2:
+            await client(device, hci.Address(sys.argv[2]))
+        else:
+            await device.start_advertising(auto_restart=True)
+
+        await hci_transport.source.wait_for_termination()
+
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+logging.basicConfig(level=os.environ.get('BUMBLE_LOGLEVEL', 'INFO').upper())
+asyncio.run(main())

examples/run_hfp_handsfree.py

@@ -57,6 +57,9 @@ def on_dlc(dlc: rfcomm.DLC, configuration: hfp.HfConfiguration):
                 esco_parameters = hfp.ESCO_PARAMETERS[
                     hfp.DefaultCodecParameters.ESCO_CVSD_S4
                 ]
+            else:
+                raise RuntimeError("unknown active codec")
+
             connection.abort_on(
                 'disconnection',
                 connection.device.send_command(

extras/android/BtBench/app/build.gradle.kts

@@ -60,6 +60,8 @@ dependencies {
     implementation(libs.ui.graphics)
     implementation(libs.ui.tooling.preview)
     implementation(libs.material3)
+    implementation(libs.mobly.snippet)
+    implementation(libs.androidx.core)
     testImplementation(libs.junit)
     androidTestImplementation(libs.androidx.test.ext.junit)
     androidTestImplementation(libs.espresso.core)

extras/android/BtBench/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml

@@ -23,6 +23,9 @@
         android:supportsRtl="true"
         android:theme="@style/Theme.BTBench"
         >
+        <meta-data
+            android:name="mobly-snippets"
+            android:value="com.github.google.bumble.btbench.AutomationSnippet"/>
         <activity
             android:name=".MainActivity"
             android:exported="true"
@@ -35,5 +38,7 @@
         </activity>
 <!--        <profileable android:shell="true"/>-->
     </application>
-
-</manifest>
+    <instrumentation
+        android:name="com.google.android.mobly.snippet.SnippetRunner"
+        android:targetPackage="com.github.google.bumble.btbench" />
+</manifest>

extras/android/BtBench/app/src/main/java/com/github/google/bumble/btbench/AutomationSnippet.java

@@ -0,0 +1,289 @@
+// Copyright 2024 Google LLC
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package com.github.google.bumble.btbench;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager;
+import android.content.Context;
+
+import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider;
+
+import com.google.android.mobly.snippet.Snippet;
+import com.google.android.mobly.snippet.rpc.Rpc;
+
+import org.json.JSONArray;
+import org.json.JSONException;
+import org.json.JSONObject;
+
+import java.security.InvalidParameterException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+class Runner {
+    public UUID mId;
+    private final Mode mMode;
+    private final String mModeName;
+    private final String mScenario;
+    private final AppViewModel mModel;
+
+    Runner(Mode mode, String modeName, String scenario, AppViewModel model) {
+        this.mId = UUID.randomUUID();
+        this.mMode = mode;
+        this.mModeName = modeName;
+        this.mScenario = scenario;
+        this.mModel = model;
+    }
+
+    public JSONObject toJson() throws JSONException {
+        JSONObject result = new JSONObject();
+        result.put("id", mId.toString());
+        result.put("mode", mModeName);
+        result.put("scenario", mScenario);
+        result.put("model", AutomationSnippet.modelToJson(mModel));
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    public void stop() {
+        mModel.abort();
+    }
+
+    public void waitForCompletion() {
+        mMode.waitForCompletion();
+    }
+}
+
+public class AutomationSnippet implements Snippet {
+    private static final String TAG = "btbench.snippet";
+    private final BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
+    private final Context mContext;
+    private final ArrayList<Runner> mRunners = new ArrayList<>();
+
+    public AutomationSnippet() {
+        mContext = ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext();
+        BluetoothManager bluetoothManager = mContext.getSystemService(BluetoothManager.class);
+        mBluetoothAdapter = bluetoothManager.getAdapter();
+        if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("bluetooth not supported");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private Runner runScenario(AppViewModel model, String mode, String scenario) {
+        Mode runnable;
+        switch (mode) {
+            case "rfcomm-client":
+                runnable = new RfcommClient(model, mBluetoothAdapter,
+                                          (PacketIO packetIO) -> createIoClient(model, scenario,
+                                                                                packetIO));
+                break;
+
+            case "rfcomm-server":
+                runnable = new RfcommServer(model, mBluetoothAdapter,
+                                          (PacketIO packetIO) -> createIoClient(model, scenario,
+                                                                                packetIO));
+                break;
+
+            case "l2cap-client":
+                runnable = new L2capClient(model, mBluetoothAdapter, mContext,
+                                         (PacketIO packetIO) -> createIoClient(model, scenario,
+                                                                               packetIO));
+                break;
+
+            case "l2cap-server":
+                runnable = new L2capServer(model, mBluetoothAdapter,
+                                         (PacketIO packetIO) -> createIoClient(model, scenario,
+                                                                               packetIO));
+                break;
+
+            default:
+                return null;
+        }
+
+        runnable.run();
+        Runner runner = new Runner(runnable, mode, scenario, model);
+        mRunners.add(runner);
+        return runner;
+    }
+
+    private IoClient createIoClient(AppViewModel model, String scenario, PacketIO packetIO) {
+        switch (scenario) {
+            case "send":
+                return new Sender(model, packetIO);
+
+            case "receive":
+                return new Receiver(model, packetIO);
+
+            case "ping":
+                return new Pinger(model, packetIO);
+
+            case "pong":
+                return new Ponger(model, packetIO);
+
+            default:
+                return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static JSONObject modelToJson(AppViewModel model) throws JSONException {
+        JSONObject result = new JSONObject();
+        result.put("status", model.getStatus());
+        result.put("running", model.getRunning());
+        result.put("l2cap_psm", model.getL2capPsm());
+        if (model.getStatus().equals("OK")) {
+            JSONObject stats = new JSONObject();
+            result.put("stats", stats);
+            stats.put("throughput", model.getThroughput());
+            JSONObject rttStats = new JSONObject();
+            stats.put("rtt", rttStats);
+            rttStats.put("compound", model.getStats());
+        } else {
+            result.put("last_error", model.getLastError());
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private Runner findRunner(String runnerId) {
+        for (Runner runner : mRunners) {
+            if (runner.mId.toString().equals(runnerId)) {
+                return runner;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    @Rpc(description = "Run a scenario in RFComm Client mode")
+    public JSONObject runRfcommClient(String scenario, String peerBluetoothAddress, int packetCount,
+                                      int packetSize, int packetInterval) throws JSONException {
+        assert (mBluetoothAdapter != null);
+
+        // We only support "send" and "ping" for this mode for now
+        if (!(scenario.equals("send") || scenario.equals("ping"))) {
+            throw new InvalidParameterException("only 'send' and 'ping' are supported for this mode");
+        }
+
+        AppViewModel model = new AppViewModel();
+        model.setPeerBluetoothAddress(peerBluetoothAddress);
+        model.setSenderPacketCount(packetCount);
+        model.setSenderPacketSize(packetSize);
+        model.setSenderPacketInterval(packetInterval);
+
+        Runner runner = runScenario(model, "rfcomm-client", scenario);
+        assert runner != null;
+        return runner.toJson();
+    }
+
+    @Rpc(description = "Run a scenario in RFComm Server mode")
+    public JSONObject runRfcommServer(String scenario) throws JSONException {
+        assert (mBluetoothAdapter != null);
+
+        // We only support "receive" and "pong" for this mode for now
+        if (!(scenario.equals("receive") || scenario.equals("pong"))) {
+            throw new InvalidParameterException("only 'receive' and 'pong' are supported for this mode");
+        }
+
+        AppViewModel model = new AppViewModel();
+
+        Runner runner = runScenario(model, "rfcomm-server", scenario);
+        assert runner != null;
+        return runner.toJson();
+    }
+
+    @Rpc(description = "Run a scenario in L2CAP Client mode")
+    public JSONObject runL2capClient(String scenario, String peerBluetoothAddress, int psm,
+                                     boolean use_2m_phy, int packetCount, int packetSize,
+                                     int packetInterval) throws JSONException {
+        assert (mBluetoothAdapter != null);
+
+        // We only support "send" and "ping" for this mode for now
+        if (!(scenario.equals("send") || scenario.equals("ping"))) {
+            throw new InvalidParameterException("only 'send' and 'ping' are supported for this mode");
+        }
+
+        AppViewModel model = new AppViewModel();
+        model.setPeerBluetoothAddress(peerBluetoothAddress);
+        model.setL2capPsm(psm);
+        model.setUse2mPhy(use_2m_phy);
+        model.setSenderPacketCount(packetCount);
+        model.setSenderPacketSize(packetSize);
+        model.setSenderPacketInterval(packetInterval);
+
+        Runner runner = runScenario(model, "l2cap-client", scenario);
+        assert runner != null;
+        return runner.toJson();
+    }
+
+    @Rpc(description = "Run a scenario in L2CAP Server mode")
+    public JSONObject runL2capServer(String scenario) throws JSONException {
+        assert (mBluetoothAdapter != null);
+
+        // We only support "receive" and "pong" for this mode for now
+        if (!(scenario.equals("receive") || scenario.equals("pong"))) {
+            throw new InvalidParameterException("only 'receive' and 'pong' are supported for this mode");
+        }
+
+        AppViewModel model = new AppViewModel();
+
+        Runner runner = runScenario(model, "l2cap-server", scenario);
+        assert runner != null;
+        return runner.toJson();
+    }
+
+    @Rpc(description = "Stop a Runner")
+    public JSONObject stopRunner(String runnerId) throws JSONException {
+        Runner runner = findRunner(runnerId);
+        if (runner == null) {
+            return new JSONObject();
+        }
+        runner.stop();
+        return runner.toJson();
+    }
+
+    @Rpc(description = "Wait for a Runner to complete")
+    public JSONObject waitForRunnerCompletion(String runnerId) throws JSONException {
+        Runner runner = findRunner(runnerId);
+        if (runner == null) {
+            return new JSONObject();
+        }
+        runner.waitForCompletion();
+        return runner.toJson();
+    }
+
+    @Rpc(description = "Get a Runner by ID")
+    public JSONObject getRunner(String runnerId) throws JSONException {
+        Runner runner = findRunner(runnerId);
+        if (runner == null) {
+            return new JSONObject();
+        }
+        return runner.toJson();
+    }
+
+    @Rpc(description = "Get all Runners")
+    public JSONObject getRunners() throws JSONException {
+        JSONObject result = new JSONObject();
+        JSONArray runners = new JSONArray();
+        result.put("runners", runners);
+        for (Runner runner: mRunners) {
+            runners.put(runner.toJson());
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void shutdown() {
+    }
+}

extras/android/BtBench/app/src/main/java/com/github/google/bumble/btbench/IoClient.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// Copyright 2024 Google LLC
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package com.github.google.bumble.btbench
+
+interface IoClient {
+    fun run()
+    fun abort()
+}

extras/android/BtBench/app/src/main/java/com/github/google/bumble/btbench/L2capClient.kt

@@ -29,10 +29,13 @@ private val Log = Logger.getLogger("btbench.l2cap-client")
 class L2capClient(
     private val viewModel: AppViewModel,
     private val bluetoothAdapter: BluetoothAdapter,
-    private val context: Context
-) {
+    private val context: Context,
+    private val createIoClient: (packetIo: PacketIO) -> IoClient
+) : Mode {
+    private var socketClient: SocketClient? = null
+
     @SuppressLint("MissingPermission")
-    fun run() {
+    override fun run() {
         viewModel.running = true
         val addressIsPublic = viewModel.peerBluetoothAddress.endsWith("/P")
         val address = viewModel.peerBluetoothAddress.take(17)
@@ -75,6 +78,7 @@ class L2capClient(
                 ) {
                     if (gatt != null && newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) {
                         if (viewModel.use2mPhy) {
+                            Log.info("requesting 2M PHY")
                             gatt.setPreferredPhy(
                                 BluetoothDevice.PHY_LE_2M_MASK,
                                 BluetoothDevice.PHY_LE_2M_MASK,
@@ -95,7 +99,11 @@ class L2capClient(
 
         val socket = remoteDevice.createInsecureL2capChannel(viewModel.l2capPsm)
 
-        val client = SocketClient(viewModel, socket)
-        client.run()
+        socketClient = SocketClient(viewModel, socket, createIoClient)
+        socketClient!!.run()
     }
-}
+
+    override fun waitForCompletion() {
+        socketClient?.waitForCompletion()
+    }
+}

extras/android/BtBench/app/src/main/java/com/github/google/bumble/btbench/L2capServer.kt

@@ -27,11 +27,17 @@ import kotlin.concurrent.thread
 
 private val Log = Logger.getLogger("btbench.l2cap-server")
 
-class L2capServer(private val viewModel: AppViewModel, private val bluetoothAdapter: BluetoothAdapter) {
+class L2capServer(
+    private val viewModel: AppViewModel,
+    private val bluetoothAdapter: BluetoothAdapter,
+    private val createIoClient: (packetIo: PacketIO) -> IoClient
+) : Mode {
+    private var socketServer: SocketServer? = null
+
     @SuppressLint("MissingPermission")
-    fun run() {
+    override fun run() {
         // Advertise so that the peer can find us and connect.
-        val callback = object: AdvertiseCallback() {
+        val callback = object : AdvertiseCallback() {
             override fun onStartFailure(errorCode: Int) {
                 Log.warning("failed to start advertising: $errorCode")
             }
@@ -55,7 +61,14 @@ class L2capServer(private val viewModel: AppViewModel, private val bluetoothAdap
         viewModel.l2capPsm = serverSocket.psm
         Log.info("psm = $serverSocket.psm")
 
-        val server = SocketServer(viewModel, serverSocket)
-        server.run({ advertiser.stopAdvertising(callback) }, { advertiser.startAdvertising(advertiseSettings, advertiseData, scanData, callback) })
+        socketServer = SocketServer(viewModel, serverSocket, createIoClient)
+        socketServer!!.run(
+            { advertiser.stopAdvertising(callback) },
+            { advertiser.startAdvertising(advertiseSettings, advertiseData, scanData, callback) }
+        )
     }
-}
+
+    override fun waitForCompletion() {
+        socketServer?.waitForCompletion()
+    }
+}

extras/android/BtBench/app/src/main/java/com/github/google/bumble/btbench/MainActivity.kt

@@ -34,12 +34,15 @@ import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxSize
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxWidth
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.padding
 import androidx.compose.foundation.rememberScrollState
+import androidx.compose.foundation.selection.selectable
+import androidx.compose.foundation.selection.selectableGroup
 import androidx.compose.foundation.text.KeyboardActions
 import androidx.compose.foundation.text.KeyboardOptions
 import androidx.compose.foundation.verticalScroll
 import androidx.compose.material3.Button
 import androidx.compose.material3.Divider
 import androidx.compose.material3.MaterialTheme
+import androidx.compose.material3.RadioButton
 import androidx.compose.material3.Slider
 import androidx.compose.material3.Surface
 import androidx.compose.material3.Switch
@@ -54,6 +57,7 @@ import androidx.compose.ui.focus.FocusRequester
 import androidx.compose.ui.focus.focusRequester
 import androidx.compose.ui.platform.LocalFocusManager
 import androidx.compose.ui.platform.LocalSoftwareKeyboardController
+import androidx.compose.ui.semantics.Role
 import androidx.compose.ui.text.font.FontWeight
 import androidx.compose.ui.text.input.ImeAction
 import androidx.compose.ui.text.input.KeyboardType
@@ -69,6 +73,9 @@ private val Log = Logger.getLogger("bumble.main-activity")
 const val PEER_BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS_PREF_KEY = "peer_bluetooth_address"
 const val SENDER_PACKET_COUNT_PREF_KEY = "sender_packet_count"
 const val SENDER_PACKET_SIZE_PREF_KEY = "sender_packet_size"
+const val SENDER_PACKET_INTERVAL_PREF_KEY = "sender_packet_interval"
+const val SCENARIO_PREF_KEY = "scenario"
+const val MODE_PREF_KEY = "mode"
 
 class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
     private val appViewModel = AppViewModel()
@@ -139,10 +146,7 @@ class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
             MainView(
                 appViewModel,
                 ::becomeDiscoverable,
-                ::runRfcommClient,
-                ::runRfcommServer,
-                ::runL2capClient,
-                ::runL2capServer,
+                ::runScenario
             )
         }
 
@@ -159,37 +163,54 @@ class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
         if (packetSize > 0) {
             appViewModel.senderPacketSize = packetSize
         }
+        val packetInterval = intent.getIntExtra("packet-interval", 0)
+        if (packetInterval > 0) {
+            appViewModel.senderPacketInterval = packetInterval
+        }
         appViewModel.updateSenderPacketSizeSlider()
+        intent.getStringExtra("scenario")?.let {
+            when (it) {
+                "send" -> appViewModel.scenario = SEND_SCENARIO
+                "receive" -> appViewModel.scenario = RECEIVE_SCENARIO
+                "ping" -> appViewModel.scenario = PING_SCENARIO
+                "pong" -> appViewModel.scenario = PONG_SCENARIO
+            }
+        }
+        intent.getStringExtra("mode")?.let {
+            when (it) {
+                "rfcomm-client" -> appViewModel.mode = RFCOMM_CLIENT_MODE
+                "rfcomm-server" -> appViewModel.mode = RFCOMM_SERVER_MODE
+                "l2cap-client" -> appViewModel.mode = L2CAP_CLIENT_MODE
+                "l2cap-server" -> appViewModel.mode = L2CAP_SERVER_MODE
+            }
+        }
         intent.getStringExtra("autostart")?.let {
             when (it) {
-                "rfcomm-client" -> runRfcommClient()
-                "rfcomm-server" -> runRfcommServer()
-                "l2cap-client" -> runL2capClient()
-                "l2cap-server" -> runL2capServer()
+                "run-scenario" -> runScenario()
                 "scan-start" -> runScan(true)
                 "stop-start" -> runScan(false)
             }
         }
     }
 
-    private fun runRfcommClient() {
-        val rfcommClient = bluetoothAdapter?.let { RfcommClient(appViewModel, it) }
-        rfcommClient?.run()
-    }
+    private fun runScenario() {
+        if (bluetoothAdapter == null) {
+            return
+        }
 
-    private fun runRfcommServer() {
-        val rfcommServer = bluetoothAdapter?.let { RfcommServer(appViewModel, it) }
-        rfcommServer?.run()
-    }
-
-    private fun runL2capClient() {
-        val l2capClient = bluetoothAdapter?.let { L2capClient(appViewModel, it, baseContext) }
-        l2capClient?.run()
-    }
-
-    private fun runL2capServer() {
-        val l2capServer = bluetoothAdapter?.let { L2capServer(appViewModel, it) }
-        l2capServer?.run()
+        val runner = when (appViewModel.mode) {
+            RFCOMM_CLIENT_MODE -> RfcommClient(appViewModel, bluetoothAdapter!!, ::createIoClient)
+            RFCOMM_SERVER_MODE -> RfcommServer(appViewModel, bluetoothAdapter!!, ::createIoClient)
+            L2CAP_CLIENT_MODE -> L2capClient(
+                appViewModel,
+                bluetoothAdapter!!,
+                baseContext,
+                ::createIoClient
+            )
+            L2CAP_SERVER_MODE -> L2capServer(appViewModel, bluetoothAdapter!!, ::createIoClient)
+            else -> throw IllegalStateException()
+        }
+        runner.run()
     }
 
     private fun runScan(startScan: Boolean) {
@@ -197,6 +218,17 @@ class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
         scan?.run(startScan)
     }
 
+    private fun createIoClient(packetIo: PacketIO): IoClient {
+        return when (appViewModel.scenario) {
+            SEND_SCENARIO -> Sender(appViewModel, packetIo)
+            RECEIVE_SCENARIO -> Receiver(appViewModel, packetIo)
+            PING_SCENARIO -> Pinger(appViewModel, packetIo)
+            PONG_SCENARIO -> Ponger(appViewModel, packetIo)
+            else -> throw IllegalStateException()
+        }
+    }
+
+
     @SuppressLint("MissingPermission")
     fun becomeDiscoverable() {
         val discoverableIntent = Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE)
@@ -210,10 +242,7 @@ class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
 fun MainView(
     appViewModel: AppViewModel,
     becomeDiscoverable: () -> Unit,
-    runRfcommClient: () -> Unit,
-    runRfcommServer: () -> Unit,
-    runL2capClient: () -> Unit,
-    runL2capServer: () -> Unit,
+    runScenario: () -> Unit,
 ) {
     BTBenchTheme {
         val scrollState = rememberScrollState()
@@ -239,7 +268,9 @@ fun MainView(
                         Text(text = "Peer Bluetooth Address")
                     },
                     value = appViewModel.peerBluetoothAddress,
-                    modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth().focusRequester(focusRequester),
+                    modifier = Modifier
+                        .fillMaxWidth()
+                        .focusRequester(focusRequester),
                     keyboardOptions = KeyboardOptions.Default.copy(
                         keyboardType = KeyboardType.Ascii, imeAction = ImeAction.Done
                     ),
@@ -249,14 +280,18 @@ fun MainView(
                     keyboardActions = KeyboardActions(onDone = {
                         keyboardController?.hide()
                         focusManager.clearFocus()
-                    })
+                    }),
+                    enabled = (appViewModel.mode == RFCOMM_CLIENT_MODE) or (appViewModel.mode == L2CAP_CLIENT_MODE)
                 )
                 Divider()
-                TextField(label = {
-                    Text(text = "L2CAP PSM")
-                },
+                TextField(
+                    label = {
+                        Text(text = "L2CAP PSM")
+                    },
                     value = appViewModel.l2capPsm.toString(),
-                    modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth().focusRequester(focusRequester),
+                    modifier = Modifier
+                        .fillMaxWidth()
+                        .focusRequester(focusRequester),
                     keyboardOptions = KeyboardOptions.Default.copy(
                         keyboardType = KeyboardType.Number, imeAction = ImeAction.Done
                     ),
@@ -271,7 +306,8 @@ fun MainView(
                     keyboardActions = KeyboardActions(onDone = {
                         keyboardController?.hide()
                         focusManager.clearFocus()
-                    })
+                    }),
+                    enabled = (appViewModel.mode == L2CAP_CLIENT_MODE)
                 )
                 Divider()
                 Slider(
@@ -290,6 +326,32 @@ fun MainView(
                 )
                 Text(text = "Packet Size: " + appViewModel.senderPacketSize.toString())
                 Divider()
+                TextField(
+                    label = {
+                        Text(text = "Packet Interval (ms)")
+                    },
+                    value = appViewModel.senderPacketInterval.toString(),
+                    modifier = Modifier
+                        .fillMaxWidth()
+                        .focusRequester(focusRequester),
+                    keyboardOptions = KeyboardOptions.Default.copy(
+                        keyboardType = KeyboardType.Number, imeAction = ImeAction.Done
+                    ),
+                    onValueChange = {
+                        if (it.isNotEmpty()) {
+                            val interval = it.toIntOrNull()
+                            if (interval != null) {
+                                appViewModel.updateSenderPacketInterval(interval)
+                            }
+                        }
+                    },
+                    keyboardActions = KeyboardActions(onDone = {
+                        keyboardController?.hide()
+                        focusManager.clearFocus()
+                    }),
+                    enabled = (appViewModel.scenario == PING_SCENARIO)
+                )
+                Divider()
                 ActionButton(
                     text = "Become Discoverable", onClick = becomeDiscoverable, true
                 )
@@ -300,25 +362,78 @@ fun MainView(
                     Text(text = "2M PHY")
                     Spacer(modifier = Modifier.padding(start = 8.dp))
                     Switch(
+                        enabled = (appViewModel.mode == L2CAP_CLIENT_MODE || appViewModel.mode == L2CAP_SERVER_MODE),
                         checked = appViewModel.use2mPhy,
                         onCheckedChange = { appViewModel.use2mPhy = it }
                     )
 
                 }
                 Row {
-                    ActionButton(
-                        text = "RFCOMM Client", onClick = runRfcommClient, !appViewModel.running
-                    )
-                    ActionButton(
-                        text = "RFCOMM Server", onClick = runRfcommServer, !appViewModel.running
-                    )
+                    Column(Modifier.selectableGroup()) {
+                        listOf(
+                            RFCOMM_CLIENT_MODE,
+                            RFCOMM_SERVER_MODE,
+                            L2CAP_CLIENT_MODE,
+                            L2CAP_SERVER_MODE
+                        ).forEach { text ->
+                            Row(
+                                Modifier
+                                    .selectable(
+                                        selected = (text == appViewModel.mode),
+                                        onClick = { appViewModel.updateMode(text) },
+                                        role = Role.RadioButton
+                                    )
+                                    .padding(horizontal = 16.dp),
+                                verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically
+                            ) {
+                                RadioButton(
+                                    selected = (text == appViewModel.mode),
+                                    onClick = null
+                                )
+                                Text(
+                                    text = text,
+                                    style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyLarge,
+                                    modifier = Modifier.padding(start = 16.dp)
+                                )
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    Column(Modifier.selectableGroup()) {
+                        listOf(
+                            SEND_SCENARIO,
+                            RECEIVE_SCENARIO,
+                            PING_SCENARIO,
+                            PONG_SCENARIO
+                        ).forEach { text ->
+                            Row(
+                                Modifier
+                                    .selectable(
+                                        selected = (text == appViewModel.scenario),
+                                        onClick = { appViewModel.updateScenario(text) },
+                                        role = Role.RadioButton
+                                    )
+                                    .padding(horizontal = 16.dp),
+                                verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically
+                            ) {
+                                RadioButton(
+                                    selected = (text == appViewModel.scenario),
+                                    onClick = null
+                                )
+                                Text(
+                                    text = text,
+                                    style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyLarge,
+                                    modifier = Modifier.padding(start = 16.dp)
+                                )
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
                 }
                 Row {
                     ActionButton(
-                        text = "L2CAP Client", onClick = runL2capClient, !appViewModel.running
+                        text = "Start", onClick = runScenario, enabled = !appViewModel.running
                     )
                     ActionButton(
-                        text = "L2CAP Server", onClick = runL2capServer, !appViewModel.running
+                        text = "Stop", onClick = appViewModel::abort, enabled = appViewModel.running
                     )
                 }
                 Divider()
@@ -328,6 +443,12 @@ fun MainView(
                 Text(
                     text = if (appViewModel.rxPhy != 0 || appViewModel.txPhy != 0) "PHY: tx=${appViewModel.txPhy}, rx=${appViewModel.rxPhy}" else ""
                 )
+                Text(
+                    text = "Status: ${appViewModel.status}"
+                )
+                Text(
+                    text = "Last Error: ${appViewModel.lastError}"
+                )
                 Text(
                     text = "Packets Sent: ${appViewModel.packetsSent}"
                 )
@@ -337,9 +458,8 @@ fun MainView(
                 Text(
                     text = "Throughput: ${appViewModel.throughput}"
                 )
-                Divider()
-                ActionButton(
-                    text = "Abort", onClick = appViewModel::abort, appViewModel.running
+                Text(
+                    text = "Stats: ${appViewModel.stats}"
                 )
             }
         }
@@ -351,4 +471,4 @@ fun ActionButton(text: String, onClick: () -> Unit, enabled: Boolean) {
     Button(onClick = onClick, enabled = enabled) {
         Text(text = text)
     }
-}
+}

extras/android/BtBench/app/src/main/java/com/github/google/bumble/btbench/Mode.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// Copyright 2024 Google LLC
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package com.github.google.bumble.btbench
+
+interface Mode {
+    fun run()
+    fun waitForCompletion()
+}

extras/android/BtBench/app/src/main/java/com/github/google/bumble/btbench/Model.kt

@@ -27,10 +27,25 @@ val DEFAULT_RFCOMM_UUID: UUID = UUID.fromString("E6D55659-C8B4-4B85-96BB-B1143AF
 const val DEFAULT_PEER_BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS = "AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF"
 const val DEFAULT_SENDER_PACKET_COUNT = 100
 const val DEFAULT_SENDER_PACKET_SIZE = 1024
+const val DEFAULT_SENDER_PACKET_INTERVAL = 100
 const val DEFAULT_PSM = 128
 
+const val L2CAP_CLIENT_MODE = "L2CAP Client"
+const val L2CAP_SERVER_MODE = "L2CAP Server"
+const val RFCOMM_CLIENT_MODE = "RFCOMM Client"
+const val RFCOMM_SERVER_MODE = "RFCOMM Server"
+
+const val SEND_SCENARIO = "Send"
+const val RECEIVE_SCENARIO = "Receive"
+const val PING_SCENARIO = "Ping"
+const val PONG_SCENARIO = "Pong"
+
 class AppViewModel : ViewModel() {
     private var preferences: SharedPreferences? = null
+    var status by mutableStateOf("")
+    var lastError by mutableStateOf("")
+    var mode by mutableStateOf(RFCOMM_SERVER_MODE)
+    var scenario by mutableStateOf(RECEIVE_SCENARIO)
     var peerBluetoothAddress by mutableStateOf(DEFAULT_PEER_BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS)
     var l2capPsm by mutableIntStateOf(DEFAULT_PSM)
     var use2mPhy by mutableStateOf(true)
@@ -41,9 +56,11 @@ class AppViewModel : ViewModel() {
     var senderPacketSizeSlider by mutableFloatStateOf(0.0F)
     var senderPacketCount by mutableIntStateOf(DEFAULT_SENDER_PACKET_COUNT)
     var senderPacketSize by mutableIntStateOf(DEFAULT_SENDER_PACKET_SIZE)
+    var senderPacketInterval by mutableIntStateOf(DEFAULT_SENDER_PACKET_INTERVAL)
     var packetsSent by mutableIntStateOf(0)
     var packetsReceived by mutableIntStateOf(0)
     var throughput by mutableIntStateOf(0)
+    var stats by mutableStateOf("")
     var running by mutableStateOf(false)
     var aborter: (() -> Unit)? = null
 
@@ -66,6 +83,21 @@ class AppViewModel : ViewModel() {
             senderPacketSize = savedSenderPacketSize
         }
         updateSenderPacketSizeSlider()
+
+        val savedSenderPacketInterval = preferences.getInt(SENDER_PACKET_INTERVAL_PREF_KEY, -1)
+        if (savedSenderPacketInterval != -1) {
+            senderPacketInterval = savedSenderPacketInterval
+        }
+
+        val savedMode = preferences.getString(MODE_PREF_KEY, null)
+        if (savedMode != null) {
+            mode = savedMode
+        }
+
+        val savedScenario = preferences.getString(SCENARIO_PREF_KEY, null)
+        if (savedScenario != null) {
+            scenario = savedScenario
+        }
     }
 
     fun updatePeerBluetoothAddress(peerBluetoothAddress: String) {
@@ -164,6 +196,42 @@ class AppViewModel : ViewModel() {
         }
     }
 
+    fun updateSenderPacketInterval(senderPacketInterval: Int) {
+        this.senderPacketInterval = senderPacketInterval
+        with(preferences!!.edit()) {
+            putInt(SENDER_PACKET_INTERVAL_PREF_KEY, senderPacketInterval)
+            apply()
+        }
+    }
+
+    fun updateScenario(scenario: String) {
+        this.scenario = scenario
+        with(preferences!!.edit()) {
+            putString(SCENARIO_PREF_KEY, scenario)
+            apply()
+        }
+    }
+
+    fun updateMode(mode: String) {
+        this.mode = mode
+        with(preferences!!.edit()) {
+            putString(MODE_PREF_KEY, mode)
+            apply()
+        }
+    }
+
+    fun clear() {
+        status = ""
+        lastError = ""
+        mtu = 0
+        rxPhy = 0
+        txPhy = 0
+        packetsSent = 0
+        packetsReceived = 0
+        throughput = 0
+        stats = ""
+    }
+
     fun abort() {
         aborter?.let { it() }
     }

extras/android/BtBench/app/src/main/java/com/github/google/bumble/btbench/Packet.kt

@@ -74,13 +74,13 @@ abstract class PacketSink {
     fun onPacket(packet: Packet) {
         when (packet) {
             is ResetPacket -> onResetPacket()
-            is AckPacket -> onAckPacket()
+            is AckPacket -> onAckPacket(packet)
             is SequencePacket -> onSequencePacket(packet)
         }
     }
 
     abstract fun onResetPacket()
-    abstract fun onAckPacket()
+    abstract fun onAckPacket(packet: AckPacket)
     abstract fun onSequencePacket(packet: SequencePacket)
 }
 
@@ -175,4 +175,4 @@ class SocketDataSource(
         } while (true)
         Log.info("end of stream")
     }
-}
+}

extras/android/BtBench/app/src/main/java/com/github/google/bumble/btbench/Pinger.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+// Copyright 2024 Google LLC
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package com.github.google.bumble.btbench
+
+import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore
+import java.util.logging.Logger
+import kotlin.time.Duration.Companion.milliseconds
+import kotlin.time.TimeSource
+
+private const val DEFAULT_STARTUP_DELAY = 3000
+
+private val Log = Logger.getLogger("btbench.pinger")
+
+class Pinger(private val viewModel: AppViewModel, private val packetIO: PacketIO) : IoClient,
+    PacketSink() {
+    private val pingTimes: ArrayList<TimeSource.Monotonic.ValueTimeMark> = ArrayList()
+    private val rtts: ArrayList<Long> = ArrayList()
+    private val done = Semaphore(0)
+
+    init {
+        packetIO.packetSink = this
+    }
+
+    override fun run() {
+        viewModel.clear()
+
+        Log.info("startup delay: $DEFAULT_STARTUP_DELAY")
+        Thread.sleep(DEFAULT_STARTUP_DELAY.toLong());
+        Log.info("running")
+
+        Log.info("sending reset")
+        packetIO.sendPacket(ResetPacket())
+
+        val packetCount = viewModel.senderPacketCount
+        val packetSize = viewModel.senderPacketSize
+
+        val startTime = TimeSource.Monotonic.markNow()
+        for (i in 0..<packetCount) {
+            val now = TimeSource.Monotonic.markNow()
+            val targetTime = startTime + (i * viewModel.senderPacketInterval).milliseconds
+            val delay = targetTime - now
+            if (delay.isPositive()) {
+                Log.info("sleeping ${delay.inWholeMilliseconds} ms")
+                Thread.sleep(delay.inWholeMilliseconds)
+            }
+            pingTimes.add(TimeSource.Monotonic.markNow())
+            packetIO.sendPacket(
+                SequencePacket(
+                    if (i < packetCount - 1) 0 else Packet.LAST_FLAG,
+                    i,
+                    ByteArray(packetSize - 6)
+                )
+            )
+            viewModel.packetsSent = i + 1
+        }
+
+        // Wait for the last ACK
+        Log.info("waiting for last ACK")
+        done.acquire()
+        Log.info("got last ACK")
+    }
+
+    override fun abort() {
+        done.release()
+    }
+
+    override fun onResetPacket() {
+    }
+
+    override fun onAckPacket(packet: AckPacket) {
+        val now = TimeSource.Monotonic.markNow()
+        viewModel.packetsReceived += 1
+        if (packet.sequenceNumber < pingTimes.size) {
+            val rtt = (now - pingTimes[packet.sequenceNumber]).inWholeMilliseconds
+            rtts.add(rtt)
+            Log.info("received ACK ${packet.sequenceNumber}, RTT=$rtt")
+        } else {
+            Log.warning("received ACK with unexpected sequence ${packet.sequenceNumber}")
+        }
+
+        if (packet.flags and Packet.LAST_FLAG != 0) {
+            Log.info("last packet received")
+            val stats = "RTTs: min=${rtts.min()}, max=${rtts.max()}, avg=${rtts.sum() / rtts.size}"
+            Log.info(stats)
+            viewModel.stats = stats
+            done.release()
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun onSequencePacket(packet: SequencePacket) {
+    }
+}

extras/android/BtBench/app/src/main/java/com/github/google/bumble/btbench/Ponger.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+// Copyright 2024 Google LLC
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package com.github.google.bumble.btbench
+
+import java.util.logging.Logger
+import kotlin.time.TimeSource
+
+private val Log = Logger.getLogger("btbench.receiver")
+
+class Ponger(private val viewModel: AppViewModel, private val packetIO: PacketIO) : IoClient, PacketSink() {
+    private var startTime: TimeSource.Monotonic.ValueTimeMark = TimeSource.Monotonic.markNow()
+    private var lastPacketTime: TimeSource.Monotonic.ValueTimeMark = TimeSource.Monotonic.markNow()
+    private var expectedSequenceNumber: Int = 0
+
+    init {
+        packetIO.packetSink = this
+    }
+
+    override fun run() {
+        viewModel.clear()
+    }
+
+    override fun abort() {}
+
+    override fun onResetPacket() {
+        startTime = TimeSource.Monotonic.markNow()
+        lastPacketTime = startTime
+        expectedSequenceNumber = 0
+        viewModel.packetsSent = 0
+        viewModel.packetsReceived = 0
+        viewModel.stats = ""
+    }
+
+    override fun onAckPacket(packet: AckPacket) {
+    }
+
+    override fun onSequencePacket(packet: SequencePacket) {
+        val now = TimeSource.Monotonic.markNow()
+        lastPacketTime = now
+        viewModel.packetsReceived += 1
+
+        if (packet.sequenceNumber != expectedSequenceNumber) {
+            Log.warning("unexpected packet sequence number (expected ${expectedSequenceNumber}, got ${packet.sequenceNumber})")
+        }
+        expectedSequenceNumber += 1
+
+        packetIO.sendPacket(AckPacket(packet.flags, packet.sequenceNumber))
+        viewModel.packetsSent += 1
+    }
+}

extras/android/BtBench/app/src/main/java/com/github/google/bumble/btbench/Receiver.kt

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import kotlin.time.TimeSource
 
 private val Log = Logger.getLogger("btbench.receiver")
 
-class Receiver(private val viewModel: AppViewModel, private val packetIO: PacketIO) : PacketSink() {
+class Receiver(private val viewModel: AppViewModel, private val packetIO: PacketIO) : IoClient, PacketSink() {
     private var startTime: TimeSource.Monotonic.ValueTimeMark = TimeSource.Monotonic.markNow()
     private var lastPacketTime: TimeSource.Monotonic.ValueTimeMark = TimeSource.Monotonic.markNow()
     private var bytesReceived = 0
@@ -29,6 +29,12 @@ class Receiver(private val viewModel: AppViewModel, private val packetIO: Packet
         packetIO.packetSink = this
     }
 
+    override fun run() {
+        viewModel.clear()
+    }
+
+    override fun abort() {}
+
     override fun onResetPacket() {
         startTime = TimeSource.Monotonic.markNow()
         lastPacketTime = startTime
@@ -36,9 +42,10 @@ class Receiver(private val viewModel: AppViewModel, private val packetIO: Packet
         viewModel.throughput = 0
         viewModel.packetsSent = 0
         viewModel.packetsReceived = 0
+        viewModel.stats = ""
     }
 
-    override fun onAckPacket() {
+    override fun onAckPacket(packet: AckPacket) {
 
     }
 

extras/android/BtBench/app/src/main/java/com/github/google/bumble/btbench/RfcommClient.kt

@@ -16,22 +16,30 @@ package com.github.google.bumble.btbench
 
 import android.annotation.SuppressLint
 import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter
-import java.io.IOException
 import java.util.logging.Logger
-import kotlin.concurrent.thread
 
 private val Log = Logger.getLogger("btbench.rfcomm-client")
 
-class RfcommClient(private val viewModel: AppViewModel, val bluetoothAdapter: BluetoothAdapter) {
+class RfcommClient(
+    private val viewModel: AppViewModel,
+    private val bluetoothAdapter: BluetoothAdapter,
+    private val createIoClient: (packetIo: PacketIO) -> IoClient
+) : Mode {
+    private var socketClient: SocketClient? = null
+
     @SuppressLint("MissingPermission")
-    fun run() {
+    override fun run() {
         val address = viewModel.peerBluetoothAddress.take(17)
         val remoteDevice = bluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address)
         val socket = remoteDevice.createInsecureRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(
             DEFAULT_RFCOMM_UUID
         )
 
-        val client = SocketClient(viewModel, socket)
-        client.run()
+        socketClient = SocketClient(viewModel, socket, createIoClient)
+        socketClient!!.run()
+    }
+
+    override fun waitForCompletion() {
+        socketClient?.waitForCompletion()
     }
 }

extras/android/BtBench/app/src/main/java/com/github/google/bumble/btbench/RfcommServer.kt

@@ -16,20 +16,27 @@ package com.github.google.bumble.btbench
 
 import android.annotation.SuppressLint
 import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter
-import java.io.IOException
 import java.util.logging.Logger
-import kotlin.concurrent.thread
 
 private val Log = Logger.getLogger("btbench.rfcomm-server")
 
-class RfcommServer(private val viewModel: AppViewModel, val bluetoothAdapter: BluetoothAdapter) {
+class RfcommServer(
+    private val viewModel: AppViewModel,
+    private val bluetoothAdapter: BluetoothAdapter,
+    private val createIoClient: (packetIo: PacketIO) -> IoClient
+) : Mode {
+    private var socketServer: SocketServer? = null
+
     @SuppressLint("MissingPermission")
-    fun run() {
+    override fun run() {
         val serverSocket = bluetoothAdapter.listenUsingInsecureRfcommWithServiceRecord(
             "BumbleBench", DEFAULT_RFCOMM_UUID
         )
-
-        val server = SocketServer(viewModel, serverSocket)
-        server.run({}, {})
+        socketServer = SocketServer(viewModel, serverSocket, createIoClient)
+        socketServer!!.run({}, {})
     }
-}
+
+    override fun waitForCompletion() {
+        socketServer?.waitForCompletion()
+    }
+}

extras/android/BtBench/app/src/main/java/com/github/google/bumble/btbench/Scan.kt

@@ -35,4 +35,4 @@ class Scan(val bluetoothAdapter: BluetoothAdapter) {
             bluetoothLeScanner?.stopScan(scanCallback)
         }
     }
-}
+}

extras/android/BtBench/app/src/main/java/com/github/google/bumble/btbench/Sender.kt

@@ -19,9 +19,12 @@ import java.util.logging.Logger
 import kotlin.time.DurationUnit
 import kotlin.time.TimeSource
 
+private const val DEFAULT_STARTUP_DELAY = 3000
+
 private val Log = Logger.getLogger("btbench.sender")
 
-class Sender(private val viewModel: AppViewModel, private val packetIO: PacketIO) : PacketSink() {
+class Sender(private val viewModel: AppViewModel, private val packetIO: PacketIO) : IoClient,
+    PacketSink() {
     private var startTime: TimeSource.Monotonic.ValueTimeMark = TimeSource.Monotonic.markNow()
     private var bytesSent = 0
     private val done = Semaphore(0)
@@ -30,10 +33,12 @@ class Sender(private val viewModel: AppViewModel, private val packetIO: PacketIO
         packetIO.packetSink = this
     }
 
-    fun run() {
-        viewModel.packetsSent = 0
-        viewModel.packetsReceived = 0
-        viewModel.throughput = 0
+    override fun run() {
+        viewModel.clear()
+
+        Log.info("startup delay: $DEFAULT_STARTUP_DELAY")
+        Thread.sleep(DEFAULT_STARTUP_DELAY.toLong());
+        Log.info("running")
 
         Log.info("sending reset")
         packetIO.sendPacket(ResetPacket())
@@ -63,14 +68,14 @@ class Sender(private val viewModel: AppViewModel, private val packetIO: PacketIO
         Log.info("got ACK")
     }
 
-    fun abort() {
+    override fun abort() {
         done.release()
     }
 
     override fun onResetPacket() {
     }
 
-    override fun onAckPacket() {
+    override fun onAckPacket(packet: AckPacket) {
         Log.info("received ACK")
         val elapsed = TimeSource.Monotonic.markNow() - startTime
         val throughput = (bytesSent / elapsed.toDouble(DurationUnit.SECONDS)).toInt()
@@ -81,4 +86,4 @@ class Sender(private val viewModel: AppViewModel, private val packetIO: PacketIO
 
     override fun onSequencePacket(packet: SequencePacket) {
     }
-}
+}

extras/android/BtBench/app/src/main/java/com/github/google/bumble/btbench/SocketClient.kt

@@ -22,16 +22,20 @@ import kotlin.concurrent.thread
 
 private val Log = Logger.getLogger("btbench.socket-client")
 
-private const val DEFAULT_STARTUP_DELAY = 3000
+class SocketClient(
+    private val viewModel: AppViewModel,
+    private val socket: BluetoothSocket,
+    private val createIoClient: (packetIo: PacketIO) -> IoClient
+) {
+    private var clientThread: Thread? = null
 
-class SocketClient(private val viewModel: AppViewModel, private val socket: BluetoothSocket) {
     @SuppressLint("MissingPermission")
     fun run() {
         viewModel.running = true
         val socketDataSink = SocketDataSink(socket)
         val streamIO = StreamedPacketIO(socketDataSink)
         val socketDataSource = SocketDataSource(socket, streamIO::onData)
-        val sender = Sender(viewModel, streamIO)
+        val ioClient = createIoClient(streamIO)
 
         fun cleanup() {
             socket.close()
@@ -39,9 +43,9 @@ class SocketClient(private val viewModel: AppViewModel, private val socket: Blue
             viewModel.running = false
         }
 
-        thread(name = "SocketClient") {
+        clientThread = thread(name = "SocketClient") {
             viewModel.aborter = {
-                sender.abort()
+                ioClient.abort()
                 socket.close()
             }
             Log.info("connecting to remote")
@@ -49,27 +53,37 @@ class SocketClient(private val viewModel: AppViewModel, private val socket: Blue
                 socket.connect()
             } catch (error: IOException) {
                 Log.warning("connection failed")
+                viewModel.status = "ABORTED"
+                viewModel.lastError = "CONNECTION_FAILED"
                 cleanup()
                 return@thread
             }
             Log.info("connected")
 
-            thread {
+            val sourceThread = thread {
                 socketDataSource.receive()
                 socket.close()
-                sender.abort()
+                ioClient.abort()
             }
 
-            Log.info("Startup delay: $DEFAULT_STARTUP_DELAY")
-            Thread.sleep(DEFAULT_STARTUP_DELAY.toLong());
-            Log.info("Starting to send")
-
             try {
-                sender.run()
+                ioClient.run()
+                socket.close()
+                viewModel.status = "OK"
             } catch (error: IOException) {
                 Log.info("run ended abruptly")
+                viewModel.status = "ABORTED"
+                viewModel.lastError = "IO_ERROR"
             }
+
+            Log.info("waiting for source thread to finish")
+            sourceThread.join()
+
             cleanup()
         }
     }
-}
+
+    fun waitForCompletion() {
+        clientThread?.join()
+    }
+}

extras/android/BtBench/app/src/main/java/com/github/google/bumble/btbench/SocketServer.kt

@@ -21,7 +21,13 @@ import kotlin.concurrent.thread
 
 private val Log = Logger.getLogger("btbench.socket-server")
 
-class SocketServer(private val viewModel: AppViewModel, private val serverSocket: BluetoothServerSocket) {
+class SocketServer(
+    private val viewModel: AppViewModel,
+    private val serverSocket: BluetoothServerSocket,
+    private val createIoClient: (packetIo: PacketIO) -> IoClient
+) {
+    private var serverThread: Thread? = null
+
     fun run(onConnected: () -> Unit, onDisconnected: () -> Unit) {
         var aborted = false
         viewModel.running = true
@@ -31,7 +37,7 @@ class SocketServer(private val viewModel: AppViewModel, private val serverSocket
             viewModel.running = false
         }
 
-        thread(name = "SocketServer") {
+        serverThread = thread(name = "SocketServer") {
             while (!aborted) {
                 viewModel.aborter = {
                     serverSocket.close()
@@ -46,6 +52,8 @@ class SocketServer(private val viewModel: AppViewModel, private val serverSocket
                     return@thread
                 }
                 Log.info("got connection from ${socket.remoteDevice.address}")
+                Log.info("maxReceivePacketSize=${socket.maxReceivePacketSize}")
+                Log.info("maxTransmitPacketSize=${socket.maxTransmitPacketSize}")
                 onConnected()
 
                 viewModel.aborter = {
@@ -57,11 +65,22 @@ class SocketServer(private val viewModel: AppViewModel, private val serverSocket
                 val socketDataSink = SocketDataSink(socket)
                 val streamIO = StreamedPacketIO(socketDataSink)
                 val socketDataSource = SocketDataSource(socket, streamIO::onData)
-                val receiver = Receiver(viewModel, streamIO)
+
+                val ioThread = thread(name = "IoClient") {
+                    val ioClient = createIoClient(streamIO)
+                    ioClient.run()
+                }
+
                 socketDataSource.receive()
                 socket.close()
+                ioThread.join()
             }
             cleanup()
         }
+
     }
-}
+
+    fun waitForCompletion() {
+        serverThread?.join()
+    }
+}

extras/android/BtBench/gradle/libs.versions.toml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 [versions]
-agp = "8.2.0"
+agp = "8.4.0"
 kotlin = "1.9.0"
 core-ktx = "1.12.0"
 junit = "4.13.2"
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ espresso-core = "3.5.1"
 lifecycle-runtime-ktx = "2.6.2"
 activity-compose = "1.7.2"
 compose-bom = "2023.08.00"
+mobly-snippet = "1.4.0"
+core = "1.6.1"
 
 [libraries]
 core-ktx = { group = "androidx.core", name = "core-ktx", version.ref = "core-ktx" }
@@ -24,6 +26,8 @@ ui-tooling-preview = { group = "androidx.compose.ui", name = "ui-tooling-preview
 ui-test-manifest = { group = "androidx.compose.ui", name = "ui-test-manifest" }
 ui-test-junit4 = { group = "androidx.compose.ui", name = "ui-test-junit4" }
 material3 = { group = "androidx.compose.material3", name = "material3" }
+mobly-snippet = { group = "com.google.android.mobly", name = "mobly-snippet-lib", version.ref = "mobly.snippet" }
+androidx-core = { group = "androidx.test", name = "core", version.ref = "core" }
 
 [plugins]
 androidApplication = { id = "com.android.application", version.ref = "agp" }

extras/android/BtBench/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #Wed Oct 25 07:40:52 PDT 2023
 distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
 distributionPath=wrapper/dists
-distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-8.4-bin.zip
+distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-8.6-bin.zip
 zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
 zipStorePath=wrapper/dists

extras/android/RemoteHCI/app/src/main/java/com/github/google/bumble/remotehci/HciProxy.java

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ public class HciProxy {
         HciHal hciHal = HciHal.create(new HciHalCallback() {
             @Override
             public void onPacket(HciPacket.Type type, byte[] packet) {
+                Log.d(TAG, String.format("CONTROLLER->HOST: type=%s, size=%d", type, packet.length));
                 mServer.sendPacket(type, packet);
 
                 switch (type) {
@@ -83,7 +84,7 @@ public class HciProxy {
 
             @Override
             public void onPacket(HciPacket.Type type, byte[] packet) {
-                Log.d(TAG, String.format("onPacket: type=%s, size=%d", type, packet.length));
+                Log.d(TAG, String.format("HOST->CONTROLLER: type=%s, size=%d", type, packet.length));
                 hciHal.sendPacket(type, packet);
 
                 switch (type) {

pyproject.toml

@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ ignore="pandora" # FIXME: pylint does not support stubs yet:
 
 [tool.pylint.typecheck]
 signature-mutators="AsyncRunner.run_in_task"
+disable="not-callable"
 
 [tool.black]
 skip-string-normalization = true
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ extend-exclude = '''
 '''
 
 [tool.mypy]
-exclude = ['bumble/transport/grpc_protobuf']
+exclude = ['bumble/transport/grpc_protobuf', 'examples/mobly/bench']
 
 [[tool.mypy.overrides]]
 module = "bumble.transport.grpc_protobuf.*"

rust/src/wrapper/hci.rs

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ impl Address {
     /// Creates a new [Address] object.
     pub fn new(address: &str, address_type: AddressType) -> PyResult<Self> {
         Python::with_gil(|py| {
-            PyModule::import(py, intern!(py, "bumble.device"))?
+            PyModule::import(py, intern!(py, "bumble.hci"))?
                 .getattr(intern!(py, "Address"))?
                 .call1((address, address_type))
                 .map(|any| Self(any.into()))

setup.cfg

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ install_requires =
     pyserial-asyncio >= 0.5; platform_system!='Emscripten'
     pyserial >= 3.5; platform_system!='Emscripten'
     pyusb >= 1.2; platform_system!='Emscripten'
-    websockets >= 12.0; platform_system!='Emscripten'
+    websockets == 13.1; platform_system!='Emscripten'
 
 [options.entry_points]
 console_scripts =
@@ -91,9 +91,10 @@ development =
     black == 24.3
     grpcio-tools >= 1.62.1
     invoke >= 1.7.3
-    mypy == 1.10.0
+    mobly >= 1.12.2
+    mypy == 1.12.0
     nox >= 2022
-    pylint == 3.1.0
+    pylint == 3.3.1
     pyyaml >= 6.0
     types-appdirs >= 1.4.3
     types-invoke >= 1.7.3

tests/aics_test.py

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ from bumble.profiles.aics import (
     AudioInputState,
     AICSServiceProxy,
     GainMode,
+    GainSettingsProperties,
     AudioInputStatus,
     AudioInputControlPointOpCode,
     ErrorCode,
@@ -82,7 +83,12 @@ async def test_init_service(aics_client: AICSServiceProxy):
         gain_mode=GainMode.MANUAL,
         change_counter=0,
     )
-    assert await aics_client.gain_settings_properties.read_value() == (1, 0, 255)
+    assert (
+        await aics_client.gain_settings_properties.read_value()
+        == GainSettingsProperties(
+            gain_settings_unit=1, gain_settings_minimum=0, gain_settings_maximum=255
+        )
+    )
     assert await aics_client.audio_input_status.read_value() == (
         AudioInputStatus.ACTIVE
     )
@@ -481,12 +487,12 @@ async def test_set_automatic_gain_mode_when_automatic_only(
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_audio_input_description_initial_value(aics_client: AICSServiceProxy):
     description = await aics_client.audio_input_description.read_value()
-    assert description.decode('utf-8') == "Bluetooth"
+    assert description == "Bluetooth"
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_audio_input_description_write_and_read(aics_client: AICSServiceProxy):
-    new_description = "Line Input".encode('utf-8')
+    new_description = "Line Input"
 
     await aics_client.audio_input_description.write_value(new_description)
 

tests/gatt_test.py

@@ -15,11 +15,13 @@
 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Imports
 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+from __future__ import annotations
 import asyncio
 import logging
 import os
 import struct
 import pytest
+from typing_extensions import Self
 from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, Mock, ANY
 
 from bumble.controller import Controller
@@ -31,6 +33,7 @@ from bumble.gatt import (
     GATT_BATTERY_LEVEL_CHARACTERISTIC,
     GATT_CLIENT_CHARACTERISTIC_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR,
     CharacteristicAdapter,
+    SerializableCharacteristicAdapter,
     DelegatedCharacteristicAdapter,
     PackedCharacteristicAdapter,
     MappedCharacteristicAdapter,
@@ -310,7 +313,7 @@ async def test_attribute_getters():
 
 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_CharacteristicAdapter():
+async def test_CharacteristicAdapter() -> None:
     # Check that the CharacteristicAdapter base class is transparent
     v = bytes([1, 2, 3])
     c = Characteristic(
@@ -329,67 +332,94 @@ async def test_CharacteristicAdapter():
     assert c.value == v
 
     # Simple delegated adapter
-    a = DelegatedCharacteristicAdapter(
+    delegated = DelegatedCharacteristicAdapter(
         c, lambda x: bytes(reversed(x)), lambda x: bytes(reversed(x))
     )
 
-    value = await a.read_value(None)
-    assert value == bytes(reversed(v))
+    delegated_value = await delegated.read_value(None)
+    assert delegated_value == bytes(reversed(v))
 
-    v = bytes([3, 4, 5])
-    await a.write_value(None, v)
-    assert a.value == bytes(reversed(v))
+    delegated_value2 = bytes([3, 4, 5])
+    await delegated.write_value(None, delegated_value2)
+    assert delegated.value == bytes(reversed(delegated_value2))
 
     # Packed adapter with single element format
-    v = 1234
-    pv = struct.pack('>H', v)
-    c.value = v
-    a = PackedCharacteristicAdapter(c, '>H')
+    packed_value_ref = 1234
+    packed_value_bytes = struct.pack('>H', packed_value_ref)
+    c.value = packed_value_ref
+    packed = PackedCharacteristicAdapter(c, '>H')
 
-    value = await a.read_value(None)
-    assert value == pv
-    c.value = None
-    await a.write_value(None, pv)
-    assert a.value == v
+    packed_value_read = await packed.read_value(None)
+    assert packed_value_read == packed_value_bytes
+    c.value = b''
+    await packed.write_value(None, packed_value_bytes)
+    assert packed.value == packed_value_ref
 
     # Packed adapter with multi-element format
     v1 = 1234
     v2 = 5678
-    pv = struct.pack('>HH', v1, v2)
+    packed_multi_value_bytes = struct.pack('>HH', v1, v2)
     c.value = (v1, v2)
-    a = PackedCharacteristicAdapter(c, '>HH')
+    packed_multi = PackedCharacteristicAdapter(c, '>HH')
 
-    value = await a.read_value(None)
-    assert value == pv
-    c.value = None
-    await a.write_value(None, pv)
-    assert a.value == (v1, v2)
+    packed_multi_read_value = await packed_multi.read_value(None)
+    assert packed_multi_read_value == packed_multi_value_bytes
+    packed_multi.value = b''
+    await packed_multi.write_value(None, packed_multi_value_bytes)
+    assert packed_multi.value == (v1, v2)
 
     # Mapped adapter
     v1 = 1234
     v2 = 5678
-    pv = struct.pack('>HH', v1, v2)
+    packed_mapped_value_bytes = struct.pack('>HH', v1, v2)
     mapped = {'v1': v1, 'v2': v2}
     c.value = mapped
-    a = MappedCharacteristicAdapter(c, '>HH', ('v1', 'v2'))
+    packed_mapped = MappedCharacteristicAdapter(c, '>HH', ('v1', 'v2'))
 
-    value = await a.read_value(None)
-    assert value == pv
-    c.value = None
-    await a.write_value(None, pv)
-    assert a.value == mapped
+    packed_mapped_read_value = await packed_mapped.read_value(None)
+    assert packed_mapped_read_value == packed_mapped_value_bytes
+    c.value = b''
+    await packed_mapped.write_value(None, packed_mapped_value_bytes)
+    assert packed_mapped.value == mapped
 
     # UTF-8 adapter
-    v = 'Hello π'
-    ev = v.encode('utf-8')
-    c.value = v
-    a = UTF8CharacteristicAdapter(c)
+    string_value = 'Hello π'
+    string_value_bytes = string_value.encode('utf-8')
+    c.value = string_value
+    string_c = UTF8CharacteristicAdapter(c)
 
-    value = await a.read_value(None)
-    assert value == ev
-    c.value = None
-    await a.write_value(None, ev)
-    assert a.value == v
+    string_read_value = await string_c.read_value(None)
+    assert string_read_value == string_value_bytes
+    c.value = b''
+    await string_c.write_value(None, string_value_bytes)
+    assert string_c.value == string_value
+
+    # Class adapter
+    class BlaBla:
+        def __init__(self, a: int, b: int) -> None:
+            self.a = a
+            self.b = b
+
+        @classmethod
+        def from_bytes(cls, data: bytes) -> Self:
+            a, b = struct.unpack(">II", data)
+            return cls(a, b)
+
+        def __bytes__(self) -> bytes:
+            return struct.pack(">II", self.a, self.b)
+
+    class_value = BlaBla(3, 4)
+    class_value_bytes = struct.pack(">II", 3, 4)
+    c.value = class_value
+    class_c = SerializableCharacteristicAdapter(c, BlaBla)
+
+    class_read_value = await class_c.read_value(None)
+    assert class_read_value == class_value_bytes
+    c.value = b''
+    await class_c.write_value(None, class_value_bytes)
+    assert isinstance(c.value, BlaBla)
+    assert c.value.a == 3
+    assert c.value.b == 4
 
 
 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -851,7 +881,12 @@ async def test_unsubscribe():
     await async_barrier()
     mock1.assert_called_once_with(ANY, True, False)
 
-    await c2.subscribe()
+    assert len(server.gatt_server.subscribers) == 1
+
+    def callback(_):
+        pass
+
+    await c2.subscribe(callback)
     await async_barrier()
     mock2.assert_called_once_with(ANY, True, False)
 
@@ -861,10 +896,16 @@ async def test_unsubscribe():
     mock1.assert_called_once_with(ANY, False, False)
 
     mock2.reset_mock()
-    await c2.unsubscribe()
+    await c2.unsubscribe(callback)
     await async_barrier()
     mock2.assert_called_once_with(ANY, False, False)
 
+    # All CCCDs should be zeros now
+    assert list(server.gatt_server.subscribers.values())[0] == {
+        c1.handle: bytes([0, 0]),
+        c2.handle: bytes([0, 0]),
+    }
+
     mock1.reset_mock()
     await c1.unsubscribe()
     await async_barrier()